  Linux Networking-HOWTO (Previously the Net-3 Howto)
  Current Author: {Poet} poet@linuxports.com
  Original Authors: Terry Dawson (main author), VK2KTJ;
  Alessandro Rubini (maintainer)
  v1.5, August 1999
  The Linux Japanese FAQ Project
  v1.5j, January 2000

  Linux Iy[eBOVXẽJ[lɂ́A[珑ꂽ
  lbg[NR[hgݍ܂Ă܂Bŋ߂̃J[lɎĂ
  TCP/IP ̐\́A̍ō̃VXeɂ䌨錋ʂĂ
  B̕ Linux ̃lbg[Np̃\tgEFÃCXg[Ɛ
  @AɊ֘Ac[ނɂĉ܂B
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ڎ

  1. ͂߂
  2. ̗
     2.1 tB[hobN

  3.  HOWTO ̓ǂݕ
     3.1 ̕ł̖񑩎

  4. Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɊւʓIȏ
     4.1  Linux J[l̃lbg[N@\̊Jj
     4.2 Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɂĂ̏
     4.3 Linux łȂlbg[NɊւ

  5. lbg[N̐ݒɊւʓIȏ
     5.1 n߂邩?
        5.1.1 ŐṼJ[l\[X(ȂĂ܂܂)
        5.1.2 ŐṼlbg[Nc[
        5.1.3 elbg[NpAvP[VvO
        5.1.4 IP AhX̐
     5.2 ݒR}h̒uꏊ?
     5.3 lbg[NC^[tFCX̍쐬
     5.4 lbg[NC^[tFCX̐ݒ
     5.5 ]o̐ݒ
        5.5.1 OɊ܂܂̂?
        5.5.2  Kvȏ
        5.5.3 /etc/resolv.conf
        5.5.4 /etc/host.conf
        5.5.5 /etc/hosts
        5.5.6 l[T[o̎s
     5.6 [vobNC^[tFCX̐ݒ
     5.7  oH([eBO)
        5.7.1 āArouted vO͉Ă̂ł傤?
     5.8 lbg[NoR̊eT[rXƃT[o̐ݒ
        5.8.1 /etc/services
           5.8.1.1 /etc/services t@C̎
        5.8.2 /etc/inetd.conf
           5.8.2.1 /etc/inetd.conf ̗
     5.9 ̑̃lbg[NɊ֘Aݒt@C
        5.9.1 /etc/protocols
        5.9.2 /etc/networks
     5.10 lbg[ÑZLeBƃANZX
        5.10.1 /etc/ftpusers
        5.10.2 /etc/securetty
        5.10.3 tcpd gzXgʃANZX@\
           5.10.3.1 /etc/hosts.allow
           5.10.3.2 /etc/hosts.deny
        5.10.4 /etc/hosts.equiv
        5.10.5 ftp f[̓K؂Ȑݒ
        5.10.6 t@CAEH[
        5.10.7 ̑̂

  6. IP ֌WAC[Tlbg֌W̏
     6.1 C[Tlbg
     6.2 EQL - ̃gtBbNCRCU
     6.3 IP pPbgv̎擾(Linux 2.0 p)
     6.4 IPpPbgv擾(Linux 2.2 p)
     6.5 IP GCAX
     6.6 IP t@CAEH[(Linux 2.0 p)
     6.7 IP t@CAEH[ (Linux 2.2 p)
     6.8 IPIP JvZ
        6.8.1 glOslbg[Nݒ
        6.8.2 glOszXg̐ݒ
     6.9 IP }XJ[h(IP Masquerade)
     6.10 IP ߃vLV(IP Transparent Proxy)
     6.11 IPv6
     6.12 oC IP(Mobile IP)
     6.13 }`LXg
     6.14 NAT - lbg[NAhXϊ(Network Address Translation)
     6.15 Traffic Shaper - ш敝̕ύX
     6.16 Linux 2.2 ɂoH

  7. ʓI PC n[hEFA̎gp
     7.1 ISDN
     7.2 PLIP (Linux 2.0 ̏ꍇ)
     7.3 PLIP (Linux 2.2 ̏ꍇ)
     7.4 PPP
        7.4.1 pppd găC^[lbgƏ펞ڑ@
     7.5 SLIP NCAg
        7.5.1 dip
        7.5.2 slattach
        7.5.3 ǂȏꍇɂǂgׂ?
        7.5.4 \ߌ܂ IP AhXg SLIP T[o
        7.5.5 ڑ IP AhX蓖Ă^CṽT[o
        7.5.6 DIP ̎g
        7.5.7 p slattach gčPvI SLIP ڑs@
     7.6 SLIP T[o
        7.6.1 sliplogin g SLIP T[o̐ݒ
           7.6.1.1 sliplogin ̓
           7.6.1.2 SLIP zXgp /etc/passwd
           7.6.1.3 /etc/slip.hosts ̐ݒ
           7.6.1.4 /etc/slip.login t@C̐ݒ
           7.6.1.5 /etc/slip.logout t@C̐ݒ
           7.6.1.6 /etc/slip.tty t@C ̐ݒ
        7.6.2 dip g SLIP T[o
           7.6.2.1 /etc/diphosts ̐ݒ
        7.6.3 dSLIP pbP[Wg SLIP T[o

  8. ̑̃lbg[NZp
     8.1 ARCNet
     8.2 Appletalk (AF_APPLETALK)
        8.2.1 Appletalk p\tgEFA̐ݒ
        8.2.2 Linux ̃t@CVXe Appletalk oRŒ񋟂@
        8.2.3 AppleTalk oRł Linux ̃v^̋L
        8.2.4  appletalk \tgEFA̋N
        8.2.5 appletalk \tgEFÃeXg
        8.2.6 netatalk ̒ӓ_
        8.2.7 ɏڂɂ
     8.3 ATM
     8.4 AX25 (AF_AX25)
     8.5 DECNet
     8.6 FDDI
     8.7 t[[
     8.8 IPX (AF_IPX)
     8.9 NetRom (AF_NETROM)
     8.10 Rose vgR (AF_ROSE)
     8.11 SAMBA - `NetBEUI', `NetBios',  `CIFS' ̃T|[g
     8.12 STRIP (Starmode Radio IP) @\
     8.13 g[NO
     8.14 X.25
     8.15 WaveLan J[h

  9. P[uƐڑ@
     9.1 VApNXP[u
     9.2 p|[gpP[u(PLIP P[u)
     9.3 10base2 (ׂ)C[TlbgP[u
     9.4 cCXgyA(Twisted Pair)C[TlbgP[u

  10. ̕ŎgĂp̉
  11. ISP p Linux?
  12. ӎ
  13. 쌠
  14. {łɂ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ͂߂

  ́̕ALinuxPorts ̒̕҂ƂȂĂŏ̃[X
  BŏɈꌾAX́A̐搔x͓ǎ҂̊F񂪂̕
  ƍlĂ悤ɁA܂{ Linux ̃lbg[N֘Â
  ƂɂāAmŃ^C[ȏ񋟂łĂ悤ɖ]ł
  B

  ͉̕XǗĂ鑼 HOWTO ƓlɁASʕɂȂł
  B͂̕܂ȂPȂ Net-3(4) HOWTO ł͂ȂANetworking-HOWTO
  ƂȂł傤BPPP, VPN ƂełB

  2.  ̗

  X NET-FAQ  Matt Welsh  Terry Dawson ҂łA Linux
  Documentation Project ɗオO Linux ̃lbg[NɊ
   FAQ (悭鎿)ɓ邽߂ɏ܂B FAQ 
  Linux J[l̃lbg[N@\̂̊Jo[WĂ
  BNET-2-HOWTO ́AIWi LDP HOWTO ̈ƂȂANET-FAQ
  ̌󂯂 Linux J[l̃lbg[NR[h̃o[W 2A
  ̌̃o[W 3 Ă܂B͂̕ɂ̌
  ALinux ̃lbg[NR[h̃o[W 4 Ɋ֘AbAJ
  [l̃[X 2.x  2.2.x ɓbĂ܂B

  bꂱƎ肱݂߁Ä̕ȑÕo[W
  (NET-2/3-HOWTO)͂Ȃ剻Ă܂B̂߁Albg[N@\
  ̂A̕삾 HOWTO Ă܂B̕
  ł́Â悤 HOWTO ŏĂbɂẮA HOWTO ւ
  |C^Aɑ̕ĂȂ̘bƂɂ
  B

  2.1.  tB[hobN

  X LinuxPorts ̓tB[hobN҂Ă܂B
  poet@linuxports.com <mailto:poet@linuxports.com> ܂ŘAĂ
  B

  JԂ܂AĂ_ǉĂقڂ΁AXɘA
  ĂB

  3.   HOWTO ̓ǂݕ

  ̓̕gbv_E̍\ɂĂ܂Bŏ̏͂ɂ͂m点IȂ
  ƂĂ̂ŁAȂΔ΂Ă\܂B̌ɂ̓lb
  g[NɊւʓIȒmĂ̂ŁAIȕɐiޑO
  ɕKĂĂBć̕uZpɓvł
  A3 ̎ȕłĂ܂: ܂C[Tlbg IP Ɋւ
  ALgĂ PC n[hEFÅ֘AZpɊւA܂Ɏg
  ĂZpɊւAłB

  āÂ̕߂̓ǂݕ͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂ܂:

     ʓIȂƂɊւ͂ǂށB
        ̏͂ɏĂ邱Ƃ̑SĂ邢͂قƂǑSẮǍ
        ZpɓKp܂BāA𗝉ĂƂ
        dvłB̈ŁAǎ҂̑͊ɂƂɏڂ
        ƕM҂͍lĂ܂B

     ̂Ƃ̃lbg[NɂčlB
        ̂Ƃ̃lbg[NǂȂĂ邩A邢͂ꂩ
        ̂mĂAǂȃn[hEFAZpĝ𐳊m
        ɒmĂׂłB

      LAN C^[lbgɐڑĂȂ΁uC[Tlbg
        IPv̏͂ǂށB" ̏͂ł̓C[Tlbg̊{IȐݒ Linux
         IP lbg[NpɗpӂĂe@\(t@CAEH[⍂
        xȌoHݒȂ)ɂĐĂ܂B

      LAN _CAAbvڑɋȂ玟̏͂ǂށB
        ̏͂ł PLIP, PPP, SLIP, ISDN ƂlL̃[NXe[
        VōLgZpɂĐ܂B

     KvɉĐZp̏͂ǂށB
        IP ȊÕvgRʓIłȂn[hEFAKvȂ΁AŌ
        ̏͂܂傤B IP ȊÕvgRƓȒʐMn[hEFA
        ڂ܂B

     ݒƂsB
        ۂɃlbg[N̐ݒĂ݂āAŋN𒍈Ӑ[
        L^ĂׂłB

     KvȂ΁AɐTB
        ̕ł͉̖ɗȂɏoA߂邽
        ̏ꏊoO񍐂Ɋւ͂ǂłB

     y!
        lbg[N͖ʔ̂łByłB

  3.1.  ̕ł̖񑩎

  ʂȖ񑩎͂܂񂪁AR}h̕\L@ɂ͒ӂĂB
  TI Unix ̕ɏ]āAVFɓ͂R}h̑Oɂ̓vvg
  Ă܂B HOWTO ł́AX[p[[ǓKvȂR}
  h̃vvgƂĂ "user%" gAroot ŎsKvR}
  h̃vvgƂĂ "root#" g܂B "#" łȂ "root#"
  gĂ̂́AVFXNvg̔Ƃ̍邽߂
  BVFXNvgł "#" L̓Rgs`邽߂Ɏg
  B

  uJ[l̃RpCIvVvꂽ́A menuconfig 
  g鏑ŕ\܂B menuconfig gĂȂĂ킩͂
  (M҂gĂ܂)BIvV̓q킩Ȃ
  Amenuconfig xs΂킩Ǝv܂B

  ̕ HTML łɂẮA[JɒuĂ LDP ǂ݂₷
  邽߂ɑ HOWTO ւ̃N[JQƂɂĂ܂BLDP 
  ̑SĂĂȂ΁Ae HOWTO  metalab  /pub/Linux/HOWTO
  fBNg <ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/HOWTO/>  metalab ̖
  ɂ~[TCgł܂B

  4.  Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɊւʓIȏ

  4.1.  Linux J[l̃lbg[N@\̊Jj

  J[lɐVK TCP/IP vgRX^bNgݍ݁Â̂Ɠ
  ̐\ô͊ȒPȂƂł͂܂BU.S.L(Unix Software
  Laboratory) Unix ɊւiׂNāÃR[h쌠ɂ
  ĎgȂȂ邩ȂꂪƂȗRƂȂāALinux 
  J҂́Ãlbg[NR[hڐÂł͂ȂA[V
  R[hƌӂ܂BɁA̎Ƃ͑SقȂ
  ŁA悢̂蒼Ă݂悤ƂMӂA傫Ȍ͂ɂȂ
  ܂B

  J[lɑgݍ܂ꂽlbg[NR[h̊JŏɃ[h{
  eBA Ross Biro <biro@yggdrasil.com> łBނ́APŋ@\Iɂ
  s\ȂA܂܂ĝɂȂlbg[NR[h WD-8003 lb
  g[NJ[hp̃hCo쐬܂B̃R[hgđ̐lX
  \tgEFÃeXgAۂɃC^[lbgɐڑl
  ܂BALinux R~jeB̒Ńlbg[N@\̊Jɑ
  v]܂ɂARoss ɂ̂ӔCĂ܂Aނ̓lb
  g[N@\̊J̃[_[~܂BARoss ̃vWF
  NgJnƂƁAlXȘ_ȂĂ钆ŁAxpɂȂ
  R[hӔCĎۂɊJƂ̂ŁǍ̍ƂeՂ
  Ȃ܂BāAނ̂d݂͌̃R[h܂łĂ邱
  Ƃ̏dvȗvfłB

  Orest Zborowski <obz@Kodak.COM>  Linux J[lɓƎ BSD ̃\Pb
  gvOC^[tFCXgݍ݂܂B͋ɂ߂ďdvȑOi
  BƂ̂AgƂɂ̃lbg[NAvP[V
  ̑傫ȕύXȂɈڐAł悤ɂȂłB

  ALaurence Culhane <loz@holmes.demon.co.uk>  SLIP vgR
  T|[gŏ̃hCoJ܂BɂAC[Tlbg
  Ȃ̐lXlbg[Np̃\tgEFÃeXgł悤ɂ
  ܂B̏ꍇł܂Al̐lX̃hCoɌgA
  ۂɎgăC^[lbgɐڑ͂߂܂B̃hCo̐
  ɂALinux ɏ[ȃlbg[N@\gݍ܂΁A葽̃[
  UϋɓIɊ̃lbg[N\tgEFA𗘗pE悤ɂȂ邾
  낤Ɗl܂܂Ȃ܂B

  lAMSɃlbg[N@\Ĵ Fred van Kempen
  <waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org> łBRoss [_[~Ă̕s
  Ȏ Fred ͔ނ̎ԂƓw͂ĊJ[h܂BFred 
  Linux ̃lbg[N\tgEFAƓ̕ɔW悤ƍlA
  ɊJ߂܂BFred  `NET-2' ƌĂ΂lbg[NR[h
  J(Ross ̃R[h `NET' R[hƌĂ΂Ă܂)ÃR[h͑
  ̐lXɂƂď\pIȂ̂łBFred ͊JvƂāAI
  foCXC^[tFCXA}`Ap AX.25 vgRA胂
  W[ꂽlbg[N@\ȂǁA܂܂ȊvVIȋ@\XPW
  [ɋĂ܂BFred  NET-2 R[h͎ɑ̔MSȊJ҂ɗp
  AuۂɓvƂ]L܂܂B̂̃lbg[N
  R[h͂܂J[l{̂ɂ͑gݍ܂Ă炸Ãpb`ƂČJ
  Ă܂Bꂽ NET-FAQ  NET-2-HOWTO ͂̃pb`g
  ނԂ񕡎GȎ菇ɂĐĂ܂BFred ͊̃lbg
  [Nn̎ɊvV炻ƂĂ܂Aɂ͎Ԃ
  BALinux R~jeBł́A肵ēA80% ̃[U𖞑
  @\lbg[N@\Ƃ߂鐺܂ARoss lAJ
  ̃[_[Ƃ Fred ɂvbV[܂Ă܂B

  Alan Cox<iialan@www.linux.uk.org>̏󋵂@Ă܂
  Bނ Fred  NET-2 R[hƂAfobOāAMƈ萫
  ߂Ăȃ[Uɒ񋟂܂B Fred ̕S
  Aނ{̎d𑱂悤ɂ܂BAlan ͂܂
  Aނ̍lbg[NR[h `Net-2D(ebugged)' ƌĂ΂܂B
  ̃R[h͂قƂǂ̐ݒň肵ē삵Ã[U͂̃R[h
  ܂BAlan ɂ̓lbg[N@\JĂvɍv邾
  ̓Ǝ̃ACfAƋZp͂Aނ𒆐S NET-2 R[h̊Jj
  đ̋c_Ȃ܂B̌ʁALinux ̃lbg[NE 2
  ̗ꂪ܂邱ƂɂȂ܂B́u܂̂āA
  PĂvƍllA́uŏǂ̂
  vƍllłBŏIIɂ Linus fāAAlan ̊J
  R[hW̃J[lɑgݍ݂܂B̌ʁAFred ̗͓
  Ȃ܂BނJV@\eXgĂ郆[U̐ΐ͏
  ȂAJ̃e|xAɊĴ̂ȂĂ܂
  BFred ͂̌΂炭͊J𑱂Ă܂ɊJ
  AAlan  Linux ̃lbg[N@\̊J҂̐V[_[ɂȂ
  B

  ̂ADonald Becker<becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov>n[hEFAx
  ̃hCo̊J҂ƂĂ̓p킵ÃC[TlbgphCo
  J܂B݂̃J[lɑgݍ܂Ălbg[NJ[hph
  CôقƂǂ͔ނĴłBވȊOɂdvȍv
  l͂܂ADonald ̑fd͓Ɍyɒl̂ł
  B

  Alan ͂̌ NET-2-Debugged R[h̉Pi߂ƂƂɁA`TODO' 
  Xgɍڂ܂܎cĂ܂܂Ȏdɂg݂܂BLinux
  1.3.* ̃J[lJn߂AJ[l̃lbg[NR[h͌
  ݂̃o[Wł NET-3 ւƈڍs܂BAlan ́A Linux ̃lbg
  [NR~jeBɂ鑽̍˔\lX̏؂ȂA̋@
  \JĂ܂Bނ͓Iȃlbg[NfoCX AX.25 ̍ŏ
  ̃X^_[hAIPX @\ȂǂJ܂Bނ͂̌lbg[NR
  [hCAƍč\zƋ@\ɂƂ߂Č݂̏󋵂ɒB
  ܂B

  PPP ̋@\ Michael Callahan<callahan@maths.ox.ac.uk> Al
  Longyear<longyear@netcom.com>gݍ݂܂B̋@\A̐lX
   Linux lbg[NڑɎgۂɏdvȖʂ܂B

  Jonathon Naylor <jsn@cs.nott.ac.uk>  Alan  AX.25 R[hp
  ł܂܂ȋ@\ANetRom vgR Rose vgRT|[
  g܂B AX.25/NetRom/Rose ̃T|[g͂ƂĂdvłBȂ
  ÃvgRWIɃT|[gĂƋ𒣂 OS 
  Linux ȊOɑ݂ȂłB

  AŏЉlȊOɂSl̐lX Linux ̃lbg[
  N\tgEFAJ钆ŏdvȖʂĂ܂Bނ̉l
  q̂ꂼ̋Zp̏ڍׂɊւ߂ŏЉ邱ƂɂȂł傤B
  AW[ẽhCo̊JAoȌCAV@\̒āA
  eXg|[gA_IȎxĂ̐lX܂B̑SĂ̐l
  Au͎̖ʂAɉ\ȂƂĂvAƌ
  Ƃł傤BLinux J[l̃lbg[NR[h Linux ̃Ai[L
  [ȊJǂ̂悤Ȍʂ炷̗DꂽłB܂ł̘bɋ
  ȂlłAꂩ̔Wɂ͂Ƌ͂łBJ݂͌
  Ă̂łB

  4.2.  Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɂĂ̏

  Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɂĂ̏͂܂܂ȂƂ납ł
  B

  RT^gƎ҂񂠂܂B̃Xg LinuxPorts
  Consultants Database <http://www.linuxports.com/> ł܂B

  ݂ Linux J[l̃lbg[NR[h̃eiXĂ Alan
  Cox ̓lbg[N@\̌ƍɂďЉy[WJĂ
  : www.uk.linux.org <http://www.uk.linux.org/NetNews.html>

  ߂̏񌹂 Olaf Kirch  Network Administrators
  Guide łB̕ Linux Documentation Project
  <http://www.linuxdoc.org/> ̐ʂ̈ŁA Network Administrators
  Guide HTML version <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/LDP/nag/nag.html> g
  ΃C^NeBuɓǂނƂł܂B̑A܂܂Ȍ`ɕϊ
  o[W metalab.unc.edu LDP ftp archive
  <ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LDP/network-guide/> ł
  ܂B Olaf ̒͂킩₷ĂALinux ɂlbg[
  N֌W̐ݒA\xŊTĂ܂B

  Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɂĘ_j[XO[v܂B
  comp.os.linux.networking łB [: {̃j[XO[vƂ
   fj.os.linux.networking ܂]

  Linux ̃lbg[N@\ɂĎł郁[OXg܂B
  ̃[OXgɎQɂ́Aȉ̂悤ȃ[𑗂Ă
  B

       To: majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu
       Subject: anything at all
       Message:

       subscribe linux-net

  IRC ɂ܂܂ȃ`l܂A#linux `lɂ Linux
  ̃lbg[NɊւ鎿ɓĂl܂B

  񍐂ۂɂ́A֌W\Ȍt邱ƂY
  ȂBgĂ\tgEFÃo[WAɃJ[l̃o[W
  pppd  dip ̃o[W͕K{łBāA̖{ƕ񍐂
  ĂB̂߂ɂ́Ao͂ꂽG[bZ[W𐳊mɋL^A
  ̂悤ȃR}hsڂL^Ă܂傤B

  4.3.  Linux łȂlbg[NɊւ

  TCP/IP lbg[NɂĂ̑SʓIȒm𓾂Ȃ΁Aȉ̕
  ǂł݂邱Ƃ߂܂:

     TCP/IP (tcp/ip introduction)
        ̓̕eLXg <ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-
        intro.doc> 邢 Postscript 
        <ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-intro.ps> \łB

     TCP/IP ̊Ǘ(tcp/ip administration)
        ̕eLXg <ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-
        admin.doc>  Postscript  <ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-
        ip-admin.ps> ܂B

  TCP/IP lbg[NɂāAڍׂȏm肽ꍇ́Ȁ
  ɂ߂łB

       Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume 1: principles, protocols
       and architecture, by Douglas E. Comer, ISBN 0-13-227836-7,
       Prentice Hall publications, Third Edition, 1995

  Unix ݊̊Ńlbg[N@\gAvP[V߂
  ͈ȉ̏ЂQlɂȂł傤B

       Unix Network Programming, by W. Richard Stevens, ISBN
       0-13-949876-1, Prentice Hall publications, 1990

  ̖{̑2łoł܂BVł 3 ɂȂ܂Bڂ
   Prenice-Hall ̃EFuTCg <http://www.phptr.com/> ŒׂĂ
  B

  comp.protocols.tcp-ip Ƃ悢ł傤B

  C^[lbg TCP/IP vgRQɊւ̋ZpIȏɂ
   RFC dvłBRFC Ƃ `Request For Comment' ̗ŁAC^[lb
  gŕWIɎgĂvgRɂĒ`̂ɂȂĂ܂B
  RFC ͑ ftp TCgɕۑĂA炩̃T[`GWg
  ăL[[h RFC ̃f[^x[Xł悤 WWW ̃y[W
  ܂B

  RFC Ɋւy[WƂẮA Nexor RFC database
  <http://pubweb.nexor.co.uk/public/rfc/index/rfc.html> ЉĂ
  B

  5.  lbg[N̐ݒɊւʓIȏ

  ȉ̐߂ł͎ۂɃlbg[Nݒ肷OɒmĂ悢Ƃ
  Ă܂Ƃ߂Ă܂B͍ł{ƂȂ錴ŁAȂۂɒ
  낤ƂĂlbg[N̎ۂ̎ނɂ炸ASẴlbg[NɓK
  p܂B

  5.1.  n߂邩?

  lbg[N\zݒ肵肷OɗpӂĂׂ̂
  ܂B܂łdvȂ̂B

  5.1.1.  ŐṼJ[l\[X(ȂĂ܂܂)

  ȉ̓_ɒӂĂ:

  ŋ߂̃fBXgr[V̂قƂǂɂ̓lbg[N@\Lɂ
  J[ltĂ̂ŁAJ[lăRpCKv͂ȂƎv
  ܂B悭mĂn[hEFAgĂ΂܂삷͂
  BႦ 3COM  NIC  NE2000  NIC, Intel  NIC ȂǂłB
  AJ[lXVKv󋵂ɂȂꍇɂ́Aȉ̎菇
  B

  ݂g̃J[lɂ́A炭glbg[Nɋ@\̃T|[g
  glbg[NJ[hp̃hCogݍ܂ĂȂ̂ł
  BJ[l̃\[X肵āAK؂ȃIvVw肵AJ[l
  \zKvł傤B

  A RedHat, Caldera, Debian, SuSE ƂW[ȃfBX
  gr[VgĂꍇɂ͂͂ⓖĂ͂܂܂BʓIȃn
  [hEFAgẮAȋ@\gȂ΃J[l
  RpCKv͂Ȃ͂łB

  ŐṼJ[l͏ ftp.cdrom.com
  <ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/linux/sunsite/kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel> 
  ł܂B͌TCgł͂܂񂪁A傫ш敝A
  ̃[U󂯓邱Ƃł܂BTCg kernel.org 
  Ał邾 ftp.cdrom.com gĂB ftp.kernel.org ͔
  ɕׂԂłB~[TCggĂB

  [: {ł ftp.jp.kernel.org <ftp://ftp.jp.kernel.org/> 𗘗p
  Ƃ悢ł傤]

  ʏJ[l̃\[X /usr/src/linux fBNgɓWJ܂Bpb`
  ̓ĕJ[l̍\z@ɂĂ Kernel-HOWTO <Kernel-
  HOWTO.html> ǂłBJ[lW[̐ݒ@ɂĂ
  ``Modules mini-HOWTO'' B܂AJ[l\[X
  Documentation fBNgɓĂ README t@ĆAC̓
  ǎ҂ɂ͔ɗLvȏ񂪏Ă܂B

  ʂɌyȂAł̃J[lgƂ߂܂ (o[
  Wԍ 2 ߂̐̃o[Wł)BJł̃J[l (2
  ߂̐̃o[W)͓\傫ςĂȂ
  ܂܂ȕύXsȂĂ邽߁A܂œĂ\tgEFA
  Ȃ܂Bł̖Ã\t
  gEFAɐޖłȂ̂ł΁AJł̃J[l͎gȂ
  قł傤B

  ̈A̕Ő@\̈ꕔ̓o[W 2.1 ̃J[l̊J
  iKœꂽ̂łBőI΂Ȃ΂Ȃ܂: 2.2 J[l
  ƑSẴc[XVꂽfBXgr[V҂ 2.0 ɗ܂
  A2.1 肵A̐V@\𗘗p̂ɕKvȊe⏕vOT
  邩łB̐߂Ă 1998 N 8 ̎_ł́A2.1.115 
  Vo[WŁA 2.2 ôƍlĂ܂B

  5.1.2.  ŐṼlbg[Nc[

  lbg[Nc[Ƃ́ALinux ̃lbg[NfoCXݒ肷邽߂̃v
  OłB̃vOpălbg[NfoCXɃAhX
  蓖ĂAoHݒ肵肵܂B

  ŋ߂ Linux fBXgr[Vɂ́Albg[Nc[܂
  Ă܂BłAVXe̓fBXgr[VCXg[
  ĂāAlbg[Nc[͂܂CXg[ĂȂ悤ȂAC
  Xg[ĂB

  fBXgr[Vg킸ɃVXe\zꍇɂ́Albg[
  Nc[̓\[XR[h肵ăRpCKv܂BA
  ͂ȂɓƂł͂܂B

  lbg[Nc[ Bernd Eckenfels eiXĂA
  ftp.inka.de <ftp://ftp.inka.de/pub/comp/Linux/networking/NetTools/> 
  \łB ftp.uk.linux.org
  <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/linux/Networking/base/> Ƀ~[Ă
  B

  ܂ARedHat ̍ŐVpbP[W net-tools-1.51-3.i386.rpm
  <ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/linux/redhat/redhat-6.0/i386/base/> 
  ł܂B
  g̃J[l̃o[Wɂo[W肵āACXg[
  ̍ۂ͕t̎̕wɏ]ĂB

  ̕MĂ鎞_ł̍ŐVł̃lbg[Nc[RpC
  ăCXg[ɂ͈ȉ̂悤ɂ܂:

               user% tar xvfz net-tools-1.33.tar.gz
               user% cd net-tools-1.33
               user% make config
               user% make
               root# make install

  RedHat ̃pbP[Wgꍇɂ͈ȉ̂悤ɂ܂:

               root# rpm -U net-tools-1.51-3.i386.rpm

  ɁAt@CAEH[ݒ肵AIP }XJ[h@\g
  ́A ipfwadm R}hKvłBipfwadm ̍ŐVł ftp.xos.nl
  <ftp://ftp.xos.nl/pub/linux/ipfwadm> ł܂B̃R}h
  ̃o[ŴŁAJ[l̃o[Wɍ̂
  肵ĂBLinux ̃t@CAEH[@\ 2.1 ̊JɕύX
  AJ[l 2.2 ł ipchains ɒuꂽ̂ŒӂĂB
  ipfwadm ̓J[l 2.0 łg܂Bȉ̃fBXgr[V
  ɂ 2.0 ȑÕJ[ltĂ邱Ƃ킩Ă܂B

               Redhat 5.2 ȑO
               Caldera 2.2 Õo[W
               Slackware 4.x Õo[W
               Debian 2.x Õo[W

  ̎̕M_ł̍ŐVłCXg[ɂ́A The Linux
  Documentation Project <http://www.linuxdoc.org/> ɂ IPChains HOWTO
  ǂłB

  o[W 2.2(܂ 2.1 )̃J[lgĂꍇ́A ipfwadm
  ̓t@CAEH[̐ݒs߂̐vOł͂܂B
  ̃o[W NET-3-HOWTO ł͍̂Ƃt@CAEH[̐Vݒ
  @͈܂Bipchains Ɋւڂ񂪕KvȂ΁AɏЉ
   HOWTO ĂB

  5.1.3.  elbg[NpAvP[VvO

  lbg[NAvP[VvOƂ́Atelnet  ftp ȂǂƁA
  ̃T[ovÔƂłB̑啔́AȑO David Holland
  eiXĂ܂A݂ netbug@ftp.uk.linux.org e
  iXĂ܂Bzz ftp.uk.linux.org
  <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/linux/Networking/base> \łB

  5.1.4.  IP AhX̐

  C^[lbgvgRp̃AhX 4 oCg\Ă܂B
  AhX́uhbg؂ 10 i\Lvŕ\̂ʂłB̏
  ł́Aꂼ̃oCg 10 i(0-255)ɕϊA 0 ͏ȗAe
  oCg `.' ŋ؂Ď܂BʏAzXg⃋[^̎lbg[
  NC^[tFCXꂼ 1  IP AhX蓖Ă܂BړI
  ẮÃ}Ṽ̕|[gɓ IP AhXt邱Ƃ
  \łÃC^[tFCXɂ́AꂼƎ IP AhXt
  ̂ʂłB

  C^[lbgvgRō\ꂽlbg[ŃAA IP AhX
  W܂č\Ă܂B1̃lbg[N IP AhXɂ͋ʕ
  KvłB1̃lbg[NŜɋʂȃAhX̕AhX
  ulbg[NvƌĂт܂Bc̕uzXgvƌĂт܂B1
  ̃lbg[N̒ŋʂĂlbg[NAhX̃rbglb
  g}XNƌĂсAAhX̂ǂ܂łlbg[NŁAǂ炪z
  Xg`Ă܂BႦ΁Aȉ̂悤ȏꍇlĂB

          -----------------        ---------------
          zXgAhX           192.168.110.23
          lbg[N}XN       255.255.255.0
          lbg[N           192.168.110.
          zXg                            .23
          -----------------        ---------------
          lbg[NAhX     192.168.110.0
          u[hLXgAhX 192.168.110.255
          -----------------        ---------------

  zXgɕtꂽAhX̂Albg}XNƃrbgƂɘ_
  (AND)̂lbg[NAhXɂȂ܂BȂ킿Albg
  [NAhX́Aꂼ̃lbg[NɊ蓖ĂꂽAhX̍ŏ
  ̂̂ɂȂ܂B܂Albg[NAhX̓AhX̃zXgS
   0 ɂ̂łB

  lbg[NɐڑĂzXg͎g̃AhXɑꂽpPb
  g󂯂Ƃ܂AȊOɂuu[hLXgAhXvƂ
  ɐݒ肳ꂽAhXɑꂽpPbg󂯂Ƃ܂Bu[hLXg
  AhX́Albg[NɂSẴzXgɃpPbg𑗂肽ꍇ
  pʂ̃AhXłBoHěxbZ[WȂǂ̓u[
  hLXgAhX֑oAlbg[NɂSẴzXg
  󂯂Ƃ邱Ƃł܂Bu[hLXgAhX͂̃lbg[Nŗ
  p\ȍő IP AhXɂ邱ƂɂȂĂ܂BႦ΁AL
  ̗ł̓u[hLXgAhX 192.168.110.255 ɂȂĂ܂B
  炩̗Rlbg[NAhXƃu[hLXgAhX𓯂ɂ
  ĂTCg邩܂Bp͂ǂɂĂĂ卷͂
  ܂񂪁Albg[N̑SẴzXg͓u[hLXgAhX
  gȂ΂Ȃ܂B

  IP vgR̊J̑̒iKŁAǗ̗RA IP 
  ̃O[vlbg[N\悤ɂȂA܂̃lbg[
  NO[vāAuNXvւƔW܂B IP Ah
  XɂNX͂̃lbg[NŎgpłzXg̐肵܂B
  lbg[ÑNX͈ȉ̂悤ɕĂ܂B

               ---------------------------------------------------------------
               |lbg[N  | lbg}XN  | lbg[NAhX         |
               |  ̃NX    |               |                              |
               ---------------------------------------------------------------
               |    A         | 255.0.0.0     | 0.0.0.0    - 127.255.255.255 |
               |    B         | 255.255.0.0   | 128.0.0.0  - 191.255.255.255 |
               |    C         | 255.255.255.0 | 192.0.0.0  - 223.255.255.255 |
               |}`LXg| 240.0.0.0     | 224.0.0.0  - 239.255.255.255 |
               ---------------------------------------------------------------

  ǂ̂悤 IP AhXg͉Ɉˑ܂BȉɎ
  ȍƂg݂킹āAKvȃAhX߂ĂB

     IPlbg[NLinux}VCXg[ꍇ
        IPlbg[NLinux}VڑꍇAlbg[N
        ̊Ǘ҂ɑkĈȉ̏ĂĂ:

        o  zXg IP AhX

        o  lbg[NAhX

        o  u[hLXgAhX

        o  lbg}XN

        o  [^̃AhX

        o  hCl[T[õAhX

        ̏gĂȂLinux}Ṽlbg[NfoCX
        ݒ肵܂BݒȂlbg[N͎g܂B

     C^[lbg֐ڑȂlbg[NV\zꍇ
        C^[lbg֐ڑ\̖vCx[gȃlbg[N\
        zꍇAǂ̂悤 IP AhXgĂ\܂B
        Â悤ȃlbg[NɎgׂ IP AhX͗\ߌ߂
        Ă܂BȉɎAhXg΁AC^[lbgƂ̓pPbg
        ƂłȂ߁AăC^[lbgɐڑĂ܂Ă
        SłBRFC1597ł͈ȉ̃AhXvCx[glbg[Np
        Ɋ蓖ĂĂ܂B

             --------------------------------------------------------------
             |    vCx[glbg[Npɗ\񂳂ꂽAhX          |
             --------------------------------------------------------------
             |lbg[N| lbg}XN  | lbg[NAhX          |
             |  ̃NX  |               |                               |
             --------------------------------------------------------------
             |    A       | 255.0.0.0     | 10.0.0.0    - 10.255.255.255  |
             |    B       | 255.255.0.0   | 172.16.0.0  - 172.31.255.255  |
             |    C       | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 |
             --------------------------------------------------------------

     vCx[glbg[Np̃AhXNXƂɗpӂĂ
     ŁA܂\zlbg[N̋K͂lāAɂӂ킵K
     ̃NX IP AhXgĂB

  5.2.  ݒR}h̒uꏊ?

  Linux ̋N@ɂ͂̗V܂BJ[lNƂA
  ܂ŝ init ƌĂ΂vOłB init ͋N
  ݒt@Cł /etc/inittab ǂ݂݁AVXe̋NƂs
  ܂Binit ɂ͂̎ނ܂AŜƂĂ Miguel van
  Smoorenburg J System V n̂̂Ɏ܂B

  init vÔ͓łAVXe̋N̎d̐ݒ̓fBXg
  r[VƂɈقȂ܂B

  /etc/inittab t@Cɂ́Aʂ͈ȉ̂悤ȍs܂B

               si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/boot

  ̍s͎ۂ̋N@ǗVFXNvgw肵Ă܂B
  t@C MS-DOS  AUTOEXEC.BAT Ɠ̋@\ʂ܂B

  ʏÂ̃XNvg boot XNvgĂяo܂B
  lbg[N̐ݒÂ悤ȃXNvĝǂꂩōs܂B

  ȉ̕\ɃVXeƂ̈Ⴂ܂Ƃ߂܂B

       ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
       fBXg  | C^tF[X̐ݒ/oHݒ  | T[ȍ
       r[V|                                |
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Debian      | /etc/init.d/network            | /etc/rc2.d/*
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Slackware   | /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1             | /etc/rc.d/rc.inet2
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
       RedHat      | /etc/rc.d/init.d/network       | /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/*
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Debian  RedHat ̓VXẽT[rXNXNvgfBNg
  ŜgĊǗĂ܂(ݒ͕ʁÃt@C̒ɂ
  ܂BႦ RedHat ͑SẴVXe /etc/sysconfig fB
  Ng̉ɒuĂANXNvg͂擾܂)BN
  vZXc΁AM҂̂߂ /etc/inittab  init ɕt
  ̕𒲂ׂ邱ƂłB Linux Journal ɂVXȅɊւL
  ڂ\łB̋L WWW ŌJꎟA̕N
  𒣂܂B

  ŋ߂̃fBXgr[Vɂ́AʓIȃlbg[NC^[tFCX
  ݒ肷邽߂̃vO͗\ߊ܂܂Ă܂BɎ悤Ȑݒp
  vOꍇA蓮Őݒ肷OɁAgĕKvȐݒ肪
  \`FbNĂ݂ĂB

               -----------------------------------------
               fBXg  | lbg[NݒvO
               r[V|
               -----------------------------------------
               RedHat      | /usr/bin/netcfg
               Slackware   | /sbin/netconfig
               -----------------------------------------

  5.3.  lbg[NC^[tFCX̍쐬

   Unix ł /dev fBNgɃlbg[NfoCXp̃XyV
  t@C܂ALinux ̏ꍇ͈Ⴂ܂BLinux ł̓lbg[Nf
  oCX̓\tgEFAɂēIɍ쐬̂ŁAfoCXt@C͕s
  vłB

  قƂǂ̏ꍇAlbg[NfoCX́AfoCXhCon[hEFA
  oďۂɎIɍ쐬܂BႦ΃C[TlbgfoC
  XhCóA eth[0..n] ƂC^[tFCXC[Tlbgn[h
  EFAɏɊ蓖ĂĂ܂BŏɌoꂽC[TlbJ[h
  eth0A eth1 ̂悤ɂȂ܂B

  O (ڂׂ slip  ppp)Aꂪglbg[N
  foCX̓foCXhCoł͂Ȃ[UvO쐬܂Bꂼ
  ̃foCXɕtԍ́AfoCXhCo蓖Ă̂Ɠl
  ɐUĂ܂ANɃfoCXIɍ쐬Ƃ
  ͂܂BȂ̂悤ɂȂĂ̂ƌƁAC[TlbgfoC
  XƂ͈قȂAslip  ppp foCX́A}V̉ғɕKvȐω
  邩łBڍׂɂĂ͌q܂B

  5.4.  lbg[NC^[tFCX̐ݒ

  lbg[N̐ݒɕKvȃvOƏ񂪑Albg[NC
  ^[tFCX̐ݒn߂܂傤Blbg[NC^[tFCX̐ݒ
  ́Albg[NfoCXɓK؂ȃAhX蓖ĂȂlbg
  [NfoCXݒ肷邽߂̓K؂Ȓlw肷邱ƂłB̂߂̃v
  Oifconfig(interface configure)R}hłB

  ifconfig ́Aʏȉ̂悤ȏŎg܂:

          root# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

  ̗ł́A``eth0''C[TlbgC^[tFCX `192.168.0.1' Ƃ
   IP AhX `255.255.255.0' Ƃlbg}XNݒ肵Ă܂B
  R}ȟɂ `up' ̓C^[tFCXANeBuɂwł
  A̓ftHg̓Ȃ̂ŁAʂ͏ȗł܂BC^[tFCX
  ~ɂ́AP ``ifconfig eth0 down'' sĂB

  J[l̓C^[tFCXݒ肷ہAftHglz肵܂B
  Ⴆ΁AC^[tFCXɑ΂ălbg[NAhXƃu[hL
  XgAhXݒł܂AL̗̂悤ɂݒ肵Ȃꍇ
  ɂ́AJ[l͎w肵lbg}XNɊÂāAK؂Ȓl𐄑܂B
  lbg}XN^Ȃꍇɂ́AIP AhXlbg[NN
  XɊÂĐݒ肪s܂BL̗ł́ÃC^[tFCXɃN
  X C ̃lbg[NAhX蓖ĂꂽƂJ[lFA
  lbg[NAhXƂ `192.168.0.0' Au[hLXgAhX
  Ƃ `192.168.0.255 IɊ蓖Ă܂B

  ifconfigR}hŎwłIvV͂낢날܂BƂdv
  Ȃ̂񋓂ƁA

     up ̃IvV̓C^[tFCX𗘗p\(ANeBu)ɂ܂B

     down
        ̃IvV̓C^[tFCX~܂B

     [-]arp
        ̃IvV́ÃC^[tFCX ARP(Address
        ResolutionProtocol) gǂw肵܂B

     [-]allmulti
        ̃IvV́ASẴn[hEFA}`LXgpPbg̎M
        Lɂ邩ɂ邩w肵܂Bn[hEFA}`LX
        ggƁAȏI_AhXɌꂽpPbg𕡐̃zXg
        Ŏ󂯎邱Ƃł܂BfXNgbvp̃rfIcAvP[
        VgĂꍇɂ͂̃IvV͏dvłAʂ͎g
        ܂B

     mtu N
        ̃p[^̓foCX MTU(Maximum Transfer Unit)ݒ肵
        B

     netmask <AhX>
        ̃p[^̓foCXڑĂlbg[Ñlbg[N
        }XNݒ肵܂B

     irq <IRQ l>
        ̃p[^͓̎ނ̃n[hEFAɂg܂񂪁Afo
        CX̃n[hEFA IRQ ݒ肵܂B

     [-]broadcast [AhX]
        ̃p[^ŁAw肵u[hLXgAhX̃f[^O
        󂯎邩ǂݒł܂B

     [-]pointopoint [AhX]
        ̃p[^́Aslip  ppp Ȃǂ̈Έڑ̏ꍇ̐ڑAh
        Xw肵܂B

     hw <type> <AhX>
        ̃p[^͓̎ނ̃lbg[NfoCX̃n[hEFAA
        hXݒ肵܂BC[Tlbg̏ꍇ͂قǖɗ܂
        AAX.25 ̂悤ȃlbg[N̏ꍇɂ͕֗łB

  ifconfig R}h͂lbg[NC^[tFCXɎgp\
  Bpppd dip Ƃ[Ux̃vOɂ́AKvȃfoCX
  쐬ƎIɂݒ肷̂܂B̏ꍇ ifconfig 
  蓮ŎgKv͂܂B

  5.5.  ]o̐ݒ

  ]o(Name Resolver)  Linux ̕WCüꕔłB]o
  ̎ȋ@\́AlԂɂƂĕ₷ ftp.funet.fi ̂悤ȃzXg
  128.214.248.6 ̂悤 IP AhXɕϊ邱ƂłB

  5.5.1.  OɊ܂܂̂?

  łɃC^[lbg̃zXgɂĂ͌䑶mƎv܂A炪
  ǂӖŁAǂ̂悤ɍ\Ă邩ɂĂ͌䑶mȂ
  ܂BC^[lbg̃hC͊Kw\AȂ킿؂̂悤ȍ\
  ȂĂ܂BhC Ƃ́A̂܂Ƃ܂AȂ킿̃zXg
  ̃O[vɂ܂Ƃ߂̂łBhC ̓TuhC ɕ
  邩܂BgbvxhC Ƃ̓TuhCł͂Ȃh
  CłBgbvxhCɂĂ RFC-920 ŋK肳Ă܂B
  ɗLȃgbvxhCȉɎ܂:

     COM
        cgD

     EDU
        @

     GOV
        {@

     MIL
        R@

     ORG
        ̑̑gD

     NET
        C^[lbg֘ȂgD

     Country Designator
        ̍ 2 ̃R[h

  jIo܂A\ȂgbvxhCɑقƂǂ̃h
  C̓AJOɂgDgĂ܂BAAJO
  Ǝ̍R[hł `.us' Ă܂B݂ł́A̘b .com 
  .org ɂ͓Ă͂܂܂BAJỎЂ̃hCg
  Ă܂B

  ̃gbvxhCꂼɂ̓TuhC܂B
   2 ̃R[hgbvxhCɂȂĂꍇATuhC
  Ƃcom  edu, gov, mil, org ƂgD̎ʂhC
  BႦ com.au  gov.au ̓I[XgẢcgDƐ{@ւłB
  ͈ʓIȌ܂ł͂Ȃ_ɒӂĂBƂ̂Aۂ̕
  j͂ꂼ̃hC̃hCǗ@ւɂĈقȂ邩łB

  ̃x͂Ă̑gDĉ̖̂ɂȂ܂Bׂx
  ̃hC͂ꂼ̑gDɂĈقȂ܂A悭͕̂ʂ
  TuhCݒ肷@łBÃxȉ͂ǂ̂悤ȃTu
  hC邱Ƃ\Ȃ̂ŁAꂼ̑gDƂɁAlbg[N̊
  ҂ӂ킵ݒ肵Ă܂B

  ƂɈʒu閼OAĂ̏ꍇÃ}VɕtꂽƎ
  ̖OŁAzXgƌĂ΂܂BzXgE̕hC
  ĂсA҂SȖOuSɋLqꂽO(Fully Qualified
  Domain Name(FQDN))vƌĂт܂B

  Terry ̃zXgɂ܂傤BSɋLqꂽO
  `perf.no.itg.telstra.com.au' łB̏ꍇAzXg `perf' Ńh
  C no.itg.telstra.com.au łBhĈAgbvhC
  ͔ނ̍łI[XgAAނ̃[AhX͉cgDȂ
  Ŏ̃x̃hC .com łBЂ̖O `telestra' ŁA
  ̃TuhC̍\͑gD̍\𔽉f̂ɂȂĂ܂B
  Ɏł́Aނ̃}V̓lbg[NǗ(no, Network
  Operations)̏ZpO[v(itg, Information Technology Group)ɑ
  Ă܂B

  ʁAO͂ƒZȂĂ܂BႦ΁AM҂ ISP 
  ``systemy.it'' łAM҂c̑gD ``linux.it'' 
  Bǂɂ com  org ƂTuhC͂Ȃ̂ŁAM҂̃zXg
  ͒P ``morgana.systemy.it'' łA rubini@linux.it Lȃ[
  AhXłBhC̏L҂ɂ̓zXgTuhCo^錠
  _ɒӂĂBႦ΁AM҂ LUG  pluto.linux.it
  ƂhCgĂ܂BȂȂAlinux.it ̏L҂ LUG ̂
  ɃTuhCJĂꂽłB

  5.5.2.  Kvȏ

  ܂AȂ̃zXgǂhCɑĂ邩mKv
  B]o͖O̕ϊT[rX `hCl[T[o(DNS)' ɖ₢
  킹̂ŁAp\ȃl[T[o IP AhXmĂKv
  ܂B

  ֘At@C 3 AɌĂƂɂ܂B

  5.5.3.  /etc/resolv.conf

  /etc/resolv.conf ̓]o̎gԏdvȐݒt@CłB̃t@
  C̏͂ȒPŁAes 1 ̃L[[hzeLXgt@C
  ɂȂĂ܂B悭gL[[h͈ȉ 3 ł:

     domain
        ̃L[[h̓[J̃hCݒ肵܂B

     search
        ̃L[[h̓zXgۂɗphC̃Xg
        w肵܂B

     nameserver
        ̃L[[h́AOۂɎghCl[T[o
        IP AhXw肵܂B̃T[owł܂B

  ƂāAȉ /etc/resolv.conf Ă݂܂傤:

               domain maths.wu.edu.au
               search maths.wu.edu.au wu.edu.au
               nameserver 192.168.10.1
               nameserver 192.168.12.1

  ̗ł̓hCtɃzXĝݎw肵ꍇɁAftHg
  ǉhCƂ maths.wu.edu.au w肵Ă܂BzXg
  maths.wu.edu.au t FQDN ȂꍇAhC
  wu.edu.au ɂčēxׂ܂Bl[T[õGg 2 ݒ肵Ă
  A]o 2 ̃l[T[oɖ₢킹܂B

  5.5.4.  /etc/host.conf

  /etc/host.conf t@C̓]o̓@ݒ肷t@CłB
  ̃t@C̃tH[}bg̏ڍׂ `resolv+'  man y[Wɂ܂B
  ƂǑSĂ̊ł́Aȉ̐ݒ̂܂܂łł傤:

               order hosts,bind
               multi on

  ̐ݒ̏ꍇA]o̓l[T[oɖ₢킹OɁA܂g
  ̎ /etc/hosts t@C`FbN܂(order hosts,bind)B
  āA/etc/hosts t@Cɕ IP AhXo^ĂꍇAŏ
  ̃AhXłȂASẴAhX񍐂܂(multi on)B

  5.5.5.  /etc/hosts

  /etc/hosts t@ĆA[J̃zXg IP AhXo^Ă\
  łB̕\ɓo^ĂzXg IP AhXɂĂ DNS 
  Kv܂B/etc/hosts ̌_́Ao^ĂzXg IP Ah
  XςꍇA蓮ł̃t@CXVȂ΂ȂȂƂłB
  ƊǗꂽVXeł́Ãt@Cɓo^zXg
  loopback C^[tFCXAhXƃ[J̃zXg̃AhX
  ݂łB

          # /etc/hosts
          127.0.0.1      localhost loopback
          192.168.0.1    this.host.name

  sڂ悤ɁA̍sɕ̃zXgo^ł܂B̗ł
  127.0.0.1 ̓[vobNC^[tFCX IP AhXłB

  5.5.6.  l[T[o̎s

  [JŃl[T[os΁Aŝ͊ȒPłB DNS-
  HOWTO <DNS-HOWTO.html> ƁAg̃o[W BIND (Berkeley
  Internet Name Domain)Ɋ܂܂Ă镶ǂłB

  [: DNS-HOWTO ̓{ DNS-HOWTO
  <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/DNS-HOWTO.html> ɂ܂]

  5.6.  [vobNC^[tFCX̐ݒ

  [vobNC^[tFCXƂ́Agɐڑ邽߂ɗpӂꂽ
  ʂȎނ̃C^[tFCXłB̂悤ȃC^[tFCXpӂĂ
  ̂ɂ͂̗R܂BႦ΁Aۂ̃lbg[Nɐڑ
  Ƀlbg[Np̃\tgEFAeXgȂǂ̖ړIɎg܂B
  āA[vobNC^[tFCXɂ `127.0.0.1' ƂAhXg
  ܂BłAǂȃ}VgĂ悤Ƃ telnet  127.0.0.1
  ɐڑ΁Agɐڑ邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  [vobNC^[tFCX̐ݒ͊ȒPŁÂ悤ɂ邾ł(
  Aʂ͂̍Ƃ͕W̏XNvgs邱ƂɒӂĂ
  )B

               root# ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
               root# route add -host 127.0.0.1 lo

  route R}hɂĂ͎߂Ő܂B

  5.7.  oH([eBO)

  oH͑傫ȘbłAꂾŕ{Ƃł܂B
  ̐lʂɂ΁AقƂǂ̐l͂PȌoH䂵KvȂƎv
  ܂̂ŁAȉł͂{IȘbɂĂ݈̂Ƃɂ܂B
  ׂȏ񂪕KvȂ΁A̍̕ŏɎe̕ɓĂ
  B

  ܂`n߂܂傤BIP oHƂ͉ł傤? gĂ
  `ȉɎ܂:

       IP oHƂ́Ãlbg[NɐڑĂzXg
       Ƃ IP f[^Oǂ̃lbg[Nɑ邩߂邱
  ƂłB

  gĎł傤B悭ItBXp̃[^z
  B̃[^̓C^[lbgւ PPP ڑA[NXe[V
  ̌qĂ鑽̃C[TlbgZOgAʂ̃ItBXւ PPP
  ڑȂǂĂ邱Ƃł傤B̃[^f[^O󂯂Ƃ
  ہÃf[^Oɂǂ̃|[g֑o߂̂ IP oH
  łB[^ł͂Ȃʂ̃zXgɂoH䂪KvłBȂȂA
  lbg[NɐڑĂSẴzXg͏qgw[v
  obNC^[tFCXƃlbg[Nɂ鑼̃}VƐڑ邽߂
  C^[tFCX(̓C[TlbgAVA|[gg
  PPP  SLIP 肵܂) 2 ̃C^[tFCXĂ邽߁A
  ǂ̃C^[tFCXɃpPbg𑗂o߂Kv邩
  B

  āAۂ̌oH͂ǂ̂悤ɍsȂ̂ł傤? ꂼ̃zXg
  ͌oHo^oH\([eBOe[u)ƌĂ΂郊Xg
  Ă܂B̕\̊esɂ͒ʏ 3 ̗܂Bŏ̗͖ړIn
  ȂAhXA2 ߂̓f[^OׂC^[tFCXA3
  ߂͕K{ł͂܂񂪁Ãׂlbg[Nփf[^O]
  zXg IP AhXłBŌ̗̓Q[gEFCtB[hƌ
  BLinux ł /proc/net/route ɌoH\o^Ă邽߁Aȉ̃R
  }hŌoH\邱Ƃł܂:

               user% cat /proc/net/route

  邢͈ȉ̃R}hg܂:

               user% /sbin/route -n
               user% netstat -r

  oH̕@̂͂ȒPłBf[^O󂯂Ƃ΁A̖ړIn
  AhX(Nɑꂽ̂)`FbNāAoH\̊esƔr܂B
  ̃AhXɂƂ悭vsIAf[^O͂̍s
  w肷C^[tFCX֑܂B̍sɃQ[gEFCtB[h
  o^Ă΁Af[^O͎w肳ꂽC^[tFCXoRĂ
  ̃zXgɑ܂BQ[gEFCtB[hꍇAړInAhX
  ͂̍sw肵C^[tFCXڑĂlbg[Nɂ
  ̂Ƃ݂Ȃ܂B

  ̌oH\𑀍삷ɂ `route' Ƃp̃R}hg܂B
  R}h͈J[l̃VXeR[ɕϊāAJ[ľoH\
  ǉA폜AύX肵܂B

  ȒPȗ܂BC[Tlbg̃lbg[NgĂƑzĂ
  Blbg[N̓NX C ŁAlbg[NAhX 192.168.1.0
  łBȂ̃}V IP AhX 192.168.1.10 AC^[lbgɐ
  Ă郋[^̃AhX 192.168.1.1 ɂȂĂ܂B

  C^[tFCXݒ肷邽߂̍ŏ̃Xebv́Aqʂ
  `ifconfig' łB

               root# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

  ɁAoH\ɃGgo^āAuړInAhXƂ 192.168.1.*
  Ɉvf[^O͂AC[TlbgfoCXɑvƂ
  ƂJ[lɋKv܂B̂߂ɂ͈ȉ̃R}hg
  B

               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0

  `-net' ƂɒӂĂB̎w route vO͂
  AhXlbg[NłƔF܂B -host w肷ƁA
   IP AhX݂̂w肵oHɂȂ܂B

  ̌oHo^邱ƂŁAȂ̂C[TlbgZOgɂS
  ẴzXg IP ڑł܂BAZOgɂȂzXg
  ꍇ͂ǂ̂ł傤?

  N肤SẴlbg[Nւ̌oHo^邱Ƃ͕s\ł̂ŁA
  ̎dg݂pӂĂ܂B̎dg݂ǔoH(ftHg[
  g)vƌĂт܂BǔoHv͑SĂ̖ړInAhXɃ}b`܂
  AD揇ʂႭAɃ}b`sꍇA̕D悳
  邱ƂɂȂ܂BǔoHv̍l͒PŁAȗSĂ
  vƂƂłBlĂlbg[Nł͈ȉ̂悤Ɂu
  oHvݒ肵܂:

               root# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0

  `gw' ̎wɂA route R}h͂̎̈Q[gEFC܂̓
  [^ IP AhX܂̓zXgłƔF܂B̃GgɈv
  SẴf[^O͂̃AhXɑAȍ~̌oH͂̃Q[
  gEFC[^l邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  ȏ܂Ƃ߂Ǝ̂悤ɂȂ܂:

               root# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               root# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0

  lbg[Nݒ肵Ă `rc' t@CڍׂɒׂƏȂƂ
  ɂƂ悭ݒ肪͂łB͂ʓIȐݒ
  B

  ɑGȌoH̐ݒĂ݂܂傤Bɍl[^ݒ肵Ă
  ƑzĂB̃[^ PPP ŃC^[lbgɐڑA
   LAN ZOgڑĂ܂B̓Iɂ 3 ̃C[TlbgZO
  g 1  PPP ڑƍl܂傤B̏ꍇAoHݒ͈ȉ
  ̂悤ɂȂł傤B

               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               root# route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1
               root# route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth2
               root# route add default ppp0

  ̃[^̂Ȃlbg[NgĂ邻ꂼ̃[NXe[
  V́AɏqׂAȒPȌ`̐ݒɂȂA[^݂̂lbg
  [Nւ̌oHʁXɓo^邱ƂɂȂ܂Bꂼ̃[NXe[V
  ̏ꍇAǔoHvgă[^Ƀf[^O𑗂܂A[
  ^̏ꍇ͂K؂ȌoHɑoKv܂BL̃[^̐
  ŃftHǧoH̐ݒ`gw' ̂svcɎv܂
  A̗R͊ȒPŁAPPP  SLIP ƂVAoR̐ڑ͈Έ
  ڑɂȂĂ邩łBڑ悪̃}VɂȂĂ邽߁AɑI
  ̗]nÃ}VQ[gEFCƂĐݒ肷Ӗ͖킯
  BC[Tlbg arcnetAg[NOƂނ̃lbg[N
  ꍇÃlbg[Nɂ͑̃zXĝ gw IvV
  w肷Kv܂B

  5.7.1.  āArouted vO͉Ă̂ł傤?

  qoHݒ͒Pȃlbg[N\ɓKĂA蓾oH͈
  ܂łBƕGȃlbg[N\ɂȂΐݒ͂
  GɂȂ܂BKȂƂɁA啔̐l͂̂悤ȐݒgKv
  ͂܂B

  qĂu蓮oHݒvȂ킿uÓIoHݒv̑傫Ȗ_́A
  lbg[N̒̃}Vǂ̐ڑ_EꍇAf[^O
  ʂ̌oH֑悤ɂɂ́A(ʂ̌oHꍇł)ݒύX
  邽߂ɕKvȃR}h蓮ŎsȂ΂ȂȂƂłBʏA
  ̍Ƃ͖ʓ|ŁAԂApIŁAgǔɂȂ肪
  B̂߁Albg[NɃguꍇAʂ̌oHTĎ
  IɌoH\ύX邽߂̗lXȋZpJĂ܂B͂܂
  ߂āuIoHvgRvƌĂ΂Ă܂B

  ʓIȓIoHvgR̂ɂĂ͌䑶m܂
  BÃvgR̒ōłLȂ̂ RIP(Routing
  Information Protocol)  OSPF(Open Shortest Path First Protocol)ł
  BRIP ͏`K͂ȑgDA̃r̒ƂK͂ȃlbg[
  NōłLgĂvgRłBOSPF ͐VJꂽvg
  RŁAK͂ȃlbg[N̐ݒlbg[N̒ɑ̌oH
  ꍇɂKĂ܂B̃vgRvOƂ
  āA`routed' - RIP ̂݁A `gated' - RIP  OSPFȂɑΉA
  ܂B `routed' vO͂Ă Linux ̔zzpbP[WɊ܂
  ĂAq `NetKit' pbP[WɂĂ܂B

  ̓IȗgēIoHvgRǂ̂悤ɓ̂Ă݂
  傤Bȉ̂悤ȃlbg[Nl܂B

           192.168.1.0 /                         192.168.2.0 /
              255.255.255.0                         255.255.255.0
            -                                     -
            |                                     |
            |   /-----\                 /-----\   |
            |   |     |ppp0   //    ppp0|     |   |
       eth0 |---|  A  |------//---------|  B  |---| eth0
            |   |     |     //          |     |   |
            |   \-----/                 \-----/   |
            |      \ ppp1             ppp1 /      |
            -       \                     /       -
                     \                   /
                      \                 /
                       \               /
                        \             /
                         \           /
                          \         /
                           \       /
                            \     /
                         ppp0\   /ppp1
                            /-----\
                            |     |
                            |  C  |
                            |     |
                            \-----/
                               |eth0
                               |
                          |---------|
                          192.168.3.0 /
                             255.255.255.0

  }̂悤ɁAAABAC  3 ̃[^܂Bꂼ̃[^ɂ̓N
  X C  IP lbg[N(lbg}XN 255.255.255.0)ݒ肳ꂽ
  ̃C[Tlbg̃ZOgڑĂ܂B܂APPP gđ̃
  [^ɐڑAlbg[N͎Op`ɂȂĂ܂B

  [^ A ̌oH\ȉ̂悤ɂȂ͖̂炩Ȃ͂ł:

               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               root# route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ppp0
               root# route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ppp1

  ̐ݒ̓[^ A  B ̊Ԃ̐ڑ؂Ȃ萳܂BA  B
  ̊Ԃ̐ڑ؂ƁAA ɐڑꂽC[Tlbg̃zXg B ɐ
  ꂽC[Tlbg̃zXgւ͐ڑłȂȂ܂BȂȂA[
  ^ A  B ւ̌oH A  ppp0 gƂɂȂĂA̐ڑ
  Ă邽߂łBAA  C ̊Ԃ̐ڑ͐Ă̂ŁAA ̃C[T
  lbg̃zXg C ̃C[Tlbg̃zXgւ͒ʐMł܂B
  AB  C ̊Ԃ̐ڑ͐Ă̂ C ̃C[Tlbg̃zXg B
  ̃C[Tlbg̃zXgւʐMł܂B

  āA A  C ƒʐMłAC  B ɒʐMłƂAA  B
  ւ̃f[^O C oR B ɑ邱Ƃ\Ȃ͂łB̂悤
  Ȗ邽߂ RIP ̂悤ȓIoHvgRJ
  BAABAC ꂼ̃[^ŌoHf[Ă΁Aǂꂩ
  ̐ڑ؂ĂÃlbg[N̏Ԃ𔽉f悤ɎIɌo
  H\܂BoHf[̐ݒ͊ȒPŁAꂼ̃[^
  2 ̂Ƃ邾łB[^ A ̏ꍇA

               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               root# /usr/sbin/routed

  oHf[ routed ͋NɎgp\ȃlbg[N|[gSĂ
  IɒTāÃzXǧoH\XVł悤ɂꂼ̃lbg[
  NfoCXփbZ[W𑗂ƓɁÃzXg瑗Ă郁bZ
  [W󂯂Ƃ܂B

  ȏ͂ȒPȓIoH̐łA[g͂łBڍ
  ȐKvȂ΂̍̕ŏɋQlQƂĂB

  IoHɂĂ̏dvȃ|Cg͈ȉ̒ʂł:

  1. ړIn܂ŕ̌oHA̒̌oHI΂Ȃ΂Ȃ
     Ȃ󋵂ɂȂAȂ Linux }VœIoHf[
     Kv͂܂B͗Ⴆ΁AIP }XJ[hgƂ
     ꍇȂǂłB

  2. IoHf[́Albg[N̏Ԃ̕ωɉĎIɌo
     H\ύX܂B

  3. RIP ͏`K͂̃lbg[NɓKĂ܂B

  5.8.  lbg[NoR̊eT[rXƃT[o̐ݒ

  lbg[NoR̊eT[rXƂ̂߂̃T[oN΁Aun
  郆[UAlbg[NoRłȂ Linux }VgƂł
  ܂BT[ovO̓lbg[N|[gĎ܂Blbg[N|
  [g͓̃zXg̓̃T[rXiłAtelnet ɂAN
  ZX ftp ɂANZXT[oʂ@łBuñ[U
  T[o}VƂ̐ڑmƁÃ|[gĎĂT[ovO
   (lbg[Nf[vO)͐ڑ󂯕tē삵܂B
  lbg[Nf[̓@ɂ 2 ̎ނAǂ̕@
  ۂɗpĂ܂BȉɎ܂:

     X^hA[^
        lbg[NT[rXp̃vO͗\ߋNĎ󂯎̃|[
        gĎĂAڑΎŕKvȃT[rX񋟂܂B

     inetd oRŋN^Cv
        ined T[o̓lbg[Nڑ󂯂邽߂̓ʂ̃f[v
        OłB̃vO͐ڑ󂯕tƂAKvƂ
        vOݒt@Cɏ]ċN܂Bǂ̃T[rX|[g
        tcp vgR udp vgR̂ǂg悤ɂݒł
        B|[g͕ʂ̃t@CɋLq܂AɂĂ͌q
        B

  ݒ肷ׂdvȃt@C 2 ܂B|[gԍT[rXɑΉ
  Â /etc/services ƁAinetd f[̐ݒt@Cł
  /etc/inetd.conf t@CłB

  5.8.1.  /etc/services

  /etc/services t@ĆAlԂɂƂĕ₷T[rXƌvZ@
  ₷|[gԍΉPȃf[^x[XłB̃t@C
  ͂PŁAʂ̃eLXgt@C̊esɃf[^x[X̃Gg
  LqĂ܂Bꂼ̃Gg͔Cӂ̐̋󔒕(^uXy
  [X)ŕꂽ 3 ̃tB[h\܂B܂A#̓R
  gƂĖ܂BtB[h̍\͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂĂ܂:

    name      port/protocol        aliases     # comment

     name
        ͈ŏALqT[rX܂B

     port/protocol
        ̃tB[h͂ 2 ̕ɕ܂B

     port
        ̍sT[rX񋟂邽߂̃|[gԍłB悭g
        T[rXɂ͗\߃|[gԍ蓖ĂĂ܂Bڂ
        RFC-1340 B

     protocol
        ̃tB[hɂ tcp ܂ udp w肵܂B

        ӂĂȂ΂ȂȂƂ́A18/tcp  18/udp ͑Sق
        ӖƂƂłB1̃T[rX|[g tcp 
        udp gȂ΂ȂȂZpIȗR͂܂Bʂ͂̏
        ʂɎw肪sA/etc/services ɗ̃Gĝ
        ̃T[rX tcp ł udp łgꍇłB

     aliases
        ͂̃T[rX̎QƂɎgʖݒ肵܂B

  s `# ȍ~ɏꂽ̓RgƂĖ܂B

  5.8.1.1.  /etc/services t@C̎

  ŋ߂ Linux ̊efBXgr[Vł /etc/services t@C
  \ߗpӂĂ܂B 0 VXeg݂Ȃ΂ȂȂ
  ̂߂ɁAÂ Debian <http://www.debian.org/> fBXgr[V
  Rs[ /etc/services ̗ȉɏЉ܂:

       # /etc/services:
       # $Id: NET3-4-HOWTO.sgml,v 1.14 2000/12/18 02:12:43 morimoto Exp $
       #
       # Network services, Internet style
       #
       # Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known
       # port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, most entries here have two entries
       # even if the protocol doesn't support UDP operations.
       # Updated from RFC 1340, ``Assigned Numbers'' (July 1992).  Not all ports
       # are included, only the more common ones.

       tcpmux          1/tcp                           # TCP port service multiplexer
       echo            7/tcp
       echo            7/udp
       discard         9/tcp           sink null
       discard         9/udp           sink null
       systat          11/tcp          users
       daytime         13/tcp
       daytime         13/udp
       netstat         15/tcp
       qotd            17/tcp          quote
       msp             18/tcp                          # message send protocol
       msp             18/udp                          # message send protocol
       chargen         19/tcp          ttytst source
       chargen         19/udp          ttytst source
       ftp-data        20/tcp
       ftp             21/tcp
       ssh             22/tcp                          # SSH Remote Login Protocol
       ssh             22/udp                          # SSH Remote Login Protocol
       telnet          23/tcp
       # 24 - private
       smtp            25/tcp          mail
       # 26 - unassigned
       time            37/tcp          timserver
       time            37/udp          timserver
       rlp             39/udp          resource        # resource location
       nameserver      42/tcp          name            # IEN 116
       whois           43/tcp          nicname
       re-mail-ck      50/tcp                          # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
       re-mail-ck      50/udp                          # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
       domain          53/tcp          nameserver      # name-domain server
       domain          53/udp          nameserver
       mtp             57/tcp                          # deprecated
       bootps          67/tcp                          # BOOTP server
       bootps          67/udp
       bootpc          68/tcp                          # BOOTP client
       bootpc          68/udp
       tftp            69/udp
       gopher          70/tcp                          # Internet Gopher
       gopher          70/udp
       rje             77/tcp          netrjs
       finger          79/tcp
       www             80/tcp          http            # WorldWideWeb HTTP
       www             80/udp                          # HyperText Transfer Protocol
       link            87/tcp          ttylink
       kerberos        88/tcp          kerberos5 krb5  # Kerberos v5
       kerberos        88/udp          kerberos5 krb5  # Kerberos v5
       supdup          95/tcp
       # 100 - reserved
       hostnames       101/tcp         hostname        # usually from sri-nic
       iso-tsap        102/tcp         tsap            # part of ISODE.
       csnet-ns        105/tcp         cso-ns          # also used by CSO name server
       csnet-ns        105/udp         cso-ns
       rtelnet         107/tcp                         # Remote Telnet
       rtelnet         107/udp
       pop-2           109/tcp         postoffice      # POP version 2
  pop-2           109/udp
  pop-3           110/tcp                         # POP version 3
  pop-3           110/udp
  sunrpc          111/tcp         portmapper      # RPC 4.0 portmapper TCP
  sunrpc          111/udp         portmapper      # RPC 4.0 portmapper UDP
  auth            113/tcp         authentication tap ident
  sftp            115/tcp
  uucp-path       117/tcp
  nntp            119/tcp         readnews untp   # USENET News Transfer Protocol
  ntp             123/tcp
  ntp             123/udp                         # Network Time Protocol
  netbios-ns      137/tcp                         # NETBIOS Name Service
  netbios-ns      137/udp
  netbios-dgm     138/tcp                         # NETBIOS Datagram Service
  netbios-dgm     138/udp
  netbios-ssn     139/tcp                         # NETBIOS session service
  netbios-ssn     139/udp
  imap2           143/tcp                         # Interim Mail Access Proto v2
  imap2           143/udp
  snmp            161/udp                         # Simple Net Mgmt Proto
  snmp-trap       162/udp         snmptrap        # Traps for SNMP
  cmip-man        163/tcp                         # ISO mgmt over IP (CMOT)
  cmip-man        163/udp
  cmip-agent      164/tcp
  cmip-agent      164/udp
  xdmcp           177/tcp                         # X Display Mgr. Control Proto
  xdmcp           177/udp
  nextstep        178/tcp         NeXTStep NextStep       # NeXTStep window
  nextstep        178/udp         NeXTStep NextStep       # server
  bgp             179/tcp                         # Border Gateway Proto.
  bgp             179/udp
  prospero        191/tcp                         # Cliff Neuman's Prospero
  prospero        191/udp
  irc             194/tcp                         # Internet Relay Chat
  irc             194/udp
  smux            199/tcp                         # SNMP Unix Multiplexer
  smux            199/udp
  at-rtmp         201/tcp                         # AppleTalk routing
  at-rtmp         201/udp
  at-nbp          202/tcp                         # AppleTalk name binding
  at-nbp          202/udp
  at-echo         204/tcp                         # AppleTalk echo
  at-echo         204/udp
  at-zis          206/tcp                         # AppleTalk zone information
  at-zis          206/udp
  z3950           210/tcp         wais            # NISO Z39.50 database
  z3950           210/udp         wais
  ipx             213/tcp                         # IPX
  ipx             213/udp
  imap3           220/tcp                         # Interactive Mail Access
  imap3           220/udp                         # Protocol v3
  ulistserv       372/tcp                         # UNIX Listserv
  ulistserv       372/udp
  #
  # UNIX specific services
  #
  exec            512/tcp
  biff            512/udp         comsat
  login           513/tcp
  who             513/udp         whod
  shell           514/tcp         cmd             # no passwords used
  syslog          514/udp
  printer         515/tcp         spooler         # line printer spooler
  talk            517/udp
  ntalk           518/udp
  route           520/udp         router routed   # RIP
  timed           525/udp         timeserver
  tempo           526/tcp         newdate
  courier         530/tcp         rpc
  conference      531/tcp         chat
  netnews         532/tcp         readnews
  netwall         533/udp                         # -for emergency broadcasts
  uucp            540/tcp         uucpd           # uucp daemon
  remotefs        556/tcp         rfs_server rfs  # Brunhoff remote filesystem
  klogin          543/tcp                         # Kerberized `rlogin' (v5)
  kshell          544/tcp         krcmd           # Kerberized `rsh' (v5)
  kerberos-adm    749/tcp                         # Kerberos `kadmin' (v5)
  #
  webster         765/tcp                         # Network dictionary
  webster         765/udp
  #
  # From ``Assigned Numbers'':
  #
  #> The Registered Ports are not controlled by the IANA and on most systems
  #> can be used by ordinary user processes or programs executed by ordinary
  #> users.
  #
  #> Ports are used in the TCP [45,106] to name the ends of logical
  #> connections which carry long term conversations.  For the purpose of
  #> providing services to unknown callers, a service contact port is
  #> defined.  This list specifies the port used by the server process as its
  #> contact port.  While the IANA can not control uses of these ports it
  #> does register or list uses of these ports as a convenience to the
  #> community.
  #
  ingreslock      1524/tcp
  ingreslock      1524/udp
  prospero-np     1525/tcp                # Prospero non-privileged
  prospero-np     1525/udp
  rfe             5002/tcp                # Radio Free Ethernet
  rfe             5002/udp                # Actually uses UDP only
  bbs             7000/tcp                # BBS service
  #
  #
  # Kerberos (Project Athena/MIT) services
  # Note that these are for Kerberos v4 and are unofficial.  Sites running
  # v4 should uncomment these and comment out the v5 entries above.
  #
  kerberos4       750/udp         kdc     # Kerberos (server) udp
  kerberos4       750/tcp         kdc     # Kerberos (server) tcp
  kerberos_master 751/udp                 # Kerberos authentication
  kerberos_master 751/tcp                 # Kerberos authentication
  passwd_server   752/udp                 # Kerberos passwd server
  krb_prop        754/tcp                 # Kerberos slave propagation
  krbupdate       760/tcp         kreg    # Kerberos registration
  kpasswd         761/tcp         kpwd    # Kerberos "passwd"
  kpop            1109/tcp                # Pop with Kerberos
  knetd           2053/tcp                # Kerberos de-multiplexor
  zephyr-srv      2102/udp                # Zephyr server
  zephyr-clt      2103/udp                # Zephyr serv-hm connection
  zephyr-hm       2104/udp                # Zephyr hostmanager
  eklogin         2105/tcp                # Kerberos encrypted rlogin
  #
  # Unofficial but necessary (for NetBSD) services
  #
  supfilesrv      871/tcp                 # SUP server
  supfiledbg      1127/tcp                # SUP debugging
  #
  # Datagram Delivery Protocol services
  #
  rtmp            1/ddp                   # Routing Table Maintenance Protocol
  nbp             2/ddp                   # Name Binding Protocol
  echo            4/ddp                   # AppleTalk Echo Protocol
  zip             6/ddp                   # Zone Information Protocol
  #
  # Debian GNU/Linux services
  rmtcfg          1236/tcp                # Gracilis Packeten remote config server
  xtel            1313/tcp                # french minitel
  cfinger         2003/tcp                # GNU Finger
  postgres        4321/tcp                # POSTGRES
  mandelspawn     9359/udp        mandelbrot      # network mandelbrot

  # Local services

  ۂɂ́AVT[rX邽т /etc/services t@C͑傫
  ȂĂ܂BgĂ /etc/services sSȂ
  ƕsł΁AVfBXgr[V /etc/services Rs
  [ĂƂ悢ł傤B

  5.8.2.  /etc/inetd.conf

  /etc/inetd.conf t@C inetd T[of[̐ݒt@CłB
  ̃t@C͂T[rXւ̗vƂA inetd ǂ̂悤ɏ
  邩w肵܂B󂯂T[rXꂼɂāAǂ̃lbg[N
  f[ǂ̂悤ɋN邩ɂ inetd Ɏw肵Ă˂΂Ȃ
  B

  ̃t@C͂PłBʂ̃eLXgt@CŊesɒ񋟂
  ׂT[rXLqĂ܂B# ȍ~̓̕RgƂĖ
  Besɂ͔Cӂ̐̋󔒕(^uXy[X)ŋ؂ꂽ 7 ̗
  ܂BʓIȏ͈ȉ̒ʂł:

         service  socket_type  proto  flags  user  server_path  server_args

     service
        /etc/services t@CɎw肵ꂼ̃T[rXłB

     socket_type
        ̗͂̃Gggp\Pbg̎ނłBĝ
        stream, dgram, raw, rdm, seqpacket łBڍׂ͋ZpIȘbɂȂ
        ̂ŏȗ܂AoŌƁAtcp gقڑSẴT[rX
         stream gAudp gقڑSẴT[rX dgram g
        ܂BȊÕ\Pbgĝ͂ꂽȃT[o
        B

     proto
        ̃GggvgR܂Bł̎w
        /etc/services ̑ΉGgƈvĂ˂΂Ȃ炸A
         tcp  udp ̂ǂ炩łBSun  RPC(Remoto Procedure
        Call)gT[rXł rpc/tcp  rpc/udp gƂ
        B

     flags
        ̃tB[hɂ 2 ނݒ肪܂B wait  nowait
        ̂ǂ炩łB̗́Ainetd Nlbg[NT[rX
        pf[NシɃ\PbgāAɎ̐ڑNG
        Xgt\ƂȂ̂Albg[NT[rXpf[
        ĂԂ͐Vڑ󂯂ɑ҂̂Aw肵܂B̍
        ڂ̎w@̂Ɠ̂łAoŌ
        tcp gT[oł nowait ɁAudp gT[oł wait 
        ȂĂ͂łBO܂̂ŁAsmȏꍇ͗
        ĂB

     user
        ̃tB[hɂ́Aw肵lbg[NT[rXN郆[U
        w肵܂B̃[U /etc/passwd ɓo^ĂȂ
        ΂Ȃ܂B[Uw肵Ă̂̓ZLeB𗧂
        BN郆[U nobody ɂĂ΁Albg[NT[õZ
        LeBjĂQŏɗ߂邱Ƃ\łB
        A̗͂Ă̏ꍇ root ɂȂĂ܂BȂȂ΁Aق
        ǂ̃T[rXł͐@\邽߂Ƀ[gKv
        B

     server_path
        ̗͎ۂɎsT[ovO΃pXŎw肵܂B

     server_args
        ̗͍s̎c̕SĂȂAȂĂ\܂B̗
        T[of[vONۂɓnR}hCw
        肷邽߂Ɏg܂B

  5.8.2.1.  /etc/inetd.conf ̗

  /etc/services t@CƓAŋ߂ Linux fBXgr[V
  ͏[ /etc/inetd.conf t@CtĂ܂Bł Debian
  <http://www.debian.org/> fBXgr[VRs[Ă
  /etc/inetd.conf ̗Ƃɂ܂傤B

  # /etc/inetd.conf:  see inetd(8) for further informations.
  #
  # Internet server configuration database
  #
  #
  # Modified for Debian by Peter Tobias <tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de>
  #
  # <service_name> <sock_type> <proto> <flags> <user> <server_path> <args>
  #
  # Internal services
  #
  #echo           stream  tcp     nowait  root    internal
  #echo           dgram   udp     wait    root    internal
  discard         stream  tcp     nowait  root    internal
  discard         dgram   udp     wait    root    internal
  daytime         stream  tcp     nowait  root    internal
  daytime         dgram   udp     wait    root    internal
  #chargen        stream  tcp     nowait  root    internal
  #chargen        dgram   udp     wait    root    internal
  time            stream  tcp     nowait  root    internal
  time            dgram   udp     wait    root    internal
  #
  # These are standard services.
  #
  telnet  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
  ftp     stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.ftpd
  #fsp    dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.fspd
  #
  # Shell, login, exec and talk are BSD protocols.
  #
  shell   stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rshd
  login   stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rlogind
  #exec   stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rexecd
  talk    dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.talkd
  ntalk   dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.ntalkd
  #
  # Mail, news and uucp services.
  #
  smtp    stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.smtpd
  #nntp   stream  tcp     nowait  news    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.nntpd
  #uucp   stream  tcp     nowait  uucp    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/lib/uucp/uucico
  #comsat dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.comsat
  #
  # Pop et al
  #
  #pop-2  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.pop2d
  #pop-3  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.pop3d
  #
  # `cfinger' is for the GNU finger server available for Debian.  (NOTE: The
  # current implementation of the `finger' daemon allows it to be run as `root'.)
  #
  #cfinger stream tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.cfingerd
  #finger stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.fingerd
  #netstat        stream  tcp     nowait  nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  /bin/netstat
  #systat stream  tcp     nowait  nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  /bin/ps -auwwx
  #
  # Tftp service is provided primarily for booting.  Most sites
  # run this only on machines acting as "boot servers."
  #
  #tftp   dgram   udp     wait    nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
  #tftp   dgram   udp     wait    nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /boot
  #bootps dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/bootpd        bootpd -i -t 120
  #
  # Kerberos authenticated services (these probably need to be corrected)
  #
  #klogin         stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rlogind -k
  #eklogin        stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rlogind -k -x
  #kshell         stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/in.rshd -k
  #
  # Services run ONLY on the Kerberos server (these probably need to be corrected)
  #
  #krbupdate      stream tcp      nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/registerd
  #kpasswd        stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/kpasswdd
  #
  # RPC based services
  #
  #mountd/1       dgram   rpc/udp wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd
  #rstatd/1-3     dgram   rpc/udp wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/rpc.rstatd
  #rusersd/2-3    dgram   rpc/udp wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/rpc.rusersd
  #walld/1        dgram   rpc/udp wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /usr/sbin/rpc.rwalld
  #
  # End of inetd.conf.
  ident           stream  tcp     nowait  nobody  /usr/sbin/identd        identd -i

  5.9.  ̑̃lbg[NɊ֘Aݒt@C

  ɂ܂܂ȃlbg[NɊւݒt@C܂Bʏ킱
  CKv͂܂񂪁Aǂ̂悤ȃt@C݂A͉
  ݒ肵Ă邩mĂĂ͖ł傤B

  5.9.1.  /etc/protocols

  /etc/protocols t@ĆA TCP/IP pPbgɖ߂܂Ăev
  gR̎ʔԍƃvgRтf[^x[XłB̃t@C
  g΁AvÕvgRʔԍł͂ȂOŎQƂ
  悤ɂȂAtcpdump ̂悤ȃvOAԍł͂ȂvgR
  ŏo͂悤ɂȂ܂B̃t@C̈ʓIȏ͈ȉ̒ʂł:

         protocolname  number  aliases

  Debian <http://www.debian.org/> fBXgr[Vɕt
  /etc/protocols t@C͈ȉ̒ʂł:

  # /etc/protocols:
  # $Id: NET3-4-HOWTO.sgml,v 1.14 2000/12/18 02:12:43 morimoto Exp $
  #
  # Internet (IP) protocols
  #
  #       from: @(#)protocols     5.1 (Berkeley) 4/17/89
  #
  # Updated for NetBSD based on RFC 1340, Assigned Numbers (July 1992).

  ip      0       IP              # internet protocol, pseudo protocol number
  icmp    1       ICMP            # internet control message protocol
  igmp    2       IGMP            # Internet Group Management
  ggp     3       GGP             # gateway-gateway protocol
  ipencap 4       IP-ENCAP        # IP encapsulated in IP (officially ``IP'')
  st      5       ST              # ST datagram mode
  tcp     6       TCP             # transmission control protocol
  egp     8       EGP             # exterior gateway protocol
  pup     12      PUP             # PARC universal packet protocol
  udp     17      UDP             # user datagram protocol
  hmp     20      HMP             # host monitoring protocol
  xns-idp 22      XNS-IDP         # Xerox NS IDP
  rdp     27      RDP             # "reliable datagram" protocol
  iso-tp4 29      ISO-TP4         # ISO Transport Protocol class 4
  xtp     36      XTP             # Xpress Tranfer Protocol
  ddp     37      DDP             # Datagram Delivery Protocol
  idpr-cmtp       39      IDPR-CMTP       # IDPR Control Message Transport
  rspf    73      RSPF            # Radio Shortest Path First.
  vmtp    81      VMTP            # Versatile Message Transport
  ospf    89      OSPFIGP         # Open Shortest Path First IGP
  ipip    94      IPIP            # Yet Another IP encapsulation
  encap   98      ENCAP           # Yet Another IP encapsulation

  5.9.2.  /etc/networks

  /etc/networks t@C /etc/hosts t@CƂ悭@\Ă
  Albg[NAhXƃlbg[N̑Ή\ɂȂĂ
  B/etc/hosts t@CƂ̈Ⴂ͊es 2 ̗ƂŁAes
  ȉ̂悤ɍ\܂:

         networkname networkaddress

  Ⴆ΂̂悤ɂȂ܂:

               loopnet    127.0.0.0
               localnet   192.168.0.0
               amprnet    44.0.0.0

  route R}hgہAړInlbg[NŁÃlbg[NAh
  X /etc/networks ɓo^Ă΁Aroute R}h̏o͂̓AhX
  ł͂ȂOɂȂ܂B

  5.10.  lbg[ÑZLeBƃANZX

  ܂ŏɒӂĂ܂AӂU}Vƃlbg[N
  ̃ZLeB͕̂GȋZpKvɂȂ܂Bg̕ɂ
  Ă͂ƂĂGLXp[gƂ͌܂B̂߁AȉɗLvł낤
  iЉ܂AZLeBɂĐ^ɍlȂΎg
  ׂĂ݂邱Ƃ߂܂B Security-HOWTO <Security-HOWTO.html> 
  ܂߂āAC^[lbgɂ̖͂ɂĂ̏񂪖Lxɂ܂B

  dvȌóug̂ȂT[o͋NȂvƂłBLinux 
  efBXgr[Vł͗\ߑSẴT[rXݒ肳A炪
  IɋN悤ɂȂĂ܂BŒ̈Smۂ邽߂ɁA܂
  /etc/inted.conf ɖڂʂāAg̂ȂT[rXRgAE
  g(s # t)Ă܂傤BRgAEgĂ
  T[rX shellAloginA execAuucpAftp ƂT[rXƁA
  finger, netstat, systat Ƃ񋟗pT[rXłB

  ZLeBƃANZX̃JjYɂ͂܂܂Ȏނ܂
  ŁAȉł͂{IȂ̂܂B

  5.10.1.  /etc/ftpusers

  /etc/ftpusers t@ĆÃ[U ftp oRŃOCȂ
  ߂̊ȒPȎdg݂łB/etc/ftpusers  ftp ڑۂ ftp f[
  vO ftpd ǂ݂݂܂B̃t@C͒P ftp Ȃ
  [U񋓂̂̂łB̃t@C͈ȉ̂悤ȓeł:

               # /etc/ftpusers - users not allowed to login via ftp
               root
               uucp
               bin
               mail

  5.10.2.  /etc/securetty

  /etc/securetty t@CgƁAǂ tty foCX root OI
  ł邩wł܂B /etc/securetty t@C login vO(
   /bin/login)ǂ݂܂B̃t@Cɂ̓[g̃ANZX
  tty 񋓂܂B̑ tty ̓[gŃANZXł܂B

               # /etc/securetty - tty's on which root is allowed to login
               tty1
               tty2
               tty3
               tty4

  5.10.3.  tcpd gzXgʃANZX@\

  tcpd vO /etc/inetd.conf Ō悤ɁAw肳ꂽT[rX
  SɎs邽߂ɁAOCƃANZX̋@\񋟂܂B

  inetd NƁAtcpd ͎w肵T[rXւ̃ANZX
  ۂ邩Lq 2 ̃t@Cǂݍ݂܂B

  tcpd  /etc/hosts.allow  /etc/hosts.deny  2 ̃t@C̏
  ɒׁAvLq邩ǂ`FbN܂BvLqȂ
  ΂̃T[rX͑SĂ̐lɋĂ̂Ƃ݂Ȃ܂Bȉł́A
  ̃t@CɂďɐĂ܂Bڂ͂ꂼ man y
  [Wǂł(܂ hosts_access(5) n߂̂悢ł
  )B

  5.10.3.1.  /etc/hosts.allow

  /etc/hosts.allow t@C /usr/sbin/tcpd p̐ݒt@C
  Bhosts.allow t@Cɂ͂ǂ̃}V̐ڑ邩̐ݒL
  q܂B

  ̃t@C̏͂PłB

               # /etc/hosts.allow
               #
               # <service list>: <host list> [: command]

     service list
        ́Ã[KpT[ovOR}ŋ؂ċLq
        ܂BT[ovOɂ ftpd telnetd fingerd Ȃǂ܂B

     host list
        zXgR}ŋ؂ċLq܂BzXg̑ IP Ah
        XgƂ\łBChJ[hLN^gĕ
        zXg IP AhXw\łBႦ΁Agw.vk2ktj.ampr.org
        Ə 1 ̃zXgw肵ƂɂȂ܂A.uts.edu.au 
        Ƃ̕ŏIzXg(̃hCɑzXg)SĂw
        肵ƂɂȂ܂B44. ƂƁA IP AhXŎn܂zX
        gSĂɈv܂BݒȒPɂ邽߂ɂʂ̃L[[
        hpӂĂ܂BႦ ALL ͑SẴzXgɃ}b`A
        LOCAL  . ܂܂ȂzXgAȂ킿̃}VƓhC
        ɂ}VɃ}b`APARANOID ͓o^ĂzXg IP
        AhX}b`ȂSẴ}V(ÔĂ}V)Ɉ
        v܂BAɗL[[h EXCEPT ܂B
        ͗OXgɂȂ܂BɂĂ͌q܂B

     command
        ȗĂ悢p[^ŁA̍s̋KKpꂽۂɎs
        R}hւ̃tpXw肵܂B̋@\g΁AڑĂ
        zXgɒNOCĂ邩𒲂ׂANڑ悤Ƃ
        ƂɃ[Ȃǂ̎ipĊǗ҂ɕ񂹂邱Ƃ\łB
        ɂ͗lXȕϐpӂĂAƂ %h ͐ڑĂzX
        g(zXgȂꍇɂ IP AhX)ɕϊA%d  ͌
        яoꂽf[ɕϊ܂B

  ܂:

         # /etc/hosts.allow
         #
         # Allow mail to anyone
         in.smtpd: ALL
         # All telnet and ftp to only hosts within my domain and my host at home.
         telnetd, ftpd: LOCAL, myhost.athome.org.au
         # Allow finger to anyone but keep a record of who they are.
         fingerd: ALL: (finger @%h | mail -s "finger from %h" root)

  5.10.3.2.  /etc/hosts.deny

  /etc/hosts.deny  /usr/sbin/tcpd vO̐ݒt@CłAǂ
  zXg̐ڑۂ邩ݒ肵܂B

  ȉɊȒPȗ܂:

         # /etc/hosts.deny
         #
         # Disallow all hosts with suspect hostnames
         ALL: PARANOID
         #
         # Disallow all hosts.
         ALL: ALL

  PARANOID ̎w͎ۂ̂ƂsvłBȂȂ΁A̎̃Gg
  SĂ̐ڑۂĂ邩łBKvɉẴGĝǂ
  ftHgɂ̂ł傤B

  /etc/hosts.deny  ALL:ALL ݒ肵ĂALɂT[rXƃzX
  g /etc/hosts.allow ŋ̂łSȐݒł傤B

  5.10.4.  /etc/hosts.equiv

  hosts.equiv t@ĆApX[hɂȂ̃}VɃANZXł
  zXgƃ[Uw肵܂B̋@\͑SẴ}VȂ̊Ǌɂ
  SȊł͕֗łAȊȌ󋵂ł̓ZLeBIɂ͊댯
  BȂ̃}ṼZLeB́Ãt@Cɓo^zXg̒
  ZLeBłア}VƓxɂȂĂ܂܂BZL
  eB߂邽߂ɂ͂̋@\͎gȂ悤ɂāAe[Uɂ .rhosts
  t@CgȂ悤ɂ܂傤B

  5.10.5.  ftp f[̓K؂Ȑݒ

  ̃TCgŁA(anonymous) ftp T[o𓮂āÃ[U ID
  lXɂt@C̃_E[hAbv[hĂ܂B
  ̋@\gꍇ ftp f[ANZX𐳂ł悤
  ݒ肳Ă邩mFĂB ftpd(8)  man y[ẂA̐ݒ
  ̂߂ɂȂ̎₵Ă̂ŁA̎wɏ]Đݒ肵Ă
  邩AɒӂĂBdvȃ|Cg /etc/passwd t@C̃R
  s[𓽖 ftp p /etc/ fBNgŎgȂƂłB΂ɕKv
  AJEgȊO passwd t@C폜Ă܂傤BȂ
  莮̍UŃpX[hǂĂ܂댯܂B

  5.10.6.  t@CAEH[

  Ȃ̃}VT[oɂ܂Ńf[^O͂Ȃ悤ɂ邱
  ̓ZLeBIɗDꂽ@łB̕@ɂĂ Firewall-HOWTO
  <Firewall-HOWTO.html> ŏڂĂ܂B(肸ƊȒP
  ){łq܂B

  5.10.7.  ̑̂

  @IȂƂ܂Ȃ̒ӂĂׂ|CgqׂĂ
  ܂B

     sendmail f[
        ͗LȃvOłA΂΃ZLeBIȖɂ
        Ă񍐂܂Bǂ邩͂܂܂A sendmail 
        ȂƂɂ܂B

     NFS Ƃ̑ Sun  RPC gT[rX
        ɂĂTdɂȂׂłB̃T[rX͂܂܂ȕ
        @ňp\łBNFS ̂悤ȃT[rX̑͍̂
        łAݒ肷ۂɂ͒NɃ}Eg^邩ɏ[
        ӂKv܂B

  6.  IP ֌WAC[Tlbg֌W̏

  ̏͂ł́AC[Tlbg IP ɌŗL̏܂B̏͂Ɋ܂܂
  éAȑO̔łŁuꂼ̃lbg[NZpɂĂ̏vƂ
  ͂Ɋ܂܂ĂeAM҂ɖʔƎv̂sbNAbv
  ĕʌɂ܂Ƃ߂̂łB LAN ĂlȂNłȀ͂̓e
  ͖ɗ͂łB

  6.1.  C[Tlbg

  C[Tlbg̃foCX `eth0', `eth1', `eth2'̂悤ɂȂ܂BJ
  [loŏ̃J[h `eth0'ŁAȉJ[ho鏇ɔԍ
  UĂ܂B

  ftHgł Linux J[l̓C[TlbgfoCXo
  ̂ŁAȏ̃{[hJ[lɌo邽߂ɂ́AR}hC
  Ŏw肷Kv܂B

  Linux ŃC[TlbgJ[hg@̏ڍׂɂĂ Ethernet-HOWTO
  <Ethernet-HOWTO.html> QƂĂB

  g̃C[TlbgJ[hT|[g悤ɃJ[lƍč\z
  Ă܂ΐݒ肻̂̂͊ȒPłB

  ݒ͒ʏAȉ̂悤ɂȂ܂(قƂǂ̃fBXgr[V́A
  C[TlbgT|[g悤ɐݒ肷ΎIɂ̐ݒs͂
  ):
               root# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
               root# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0

  قƂǂ̃C[TlbgfoCX Donald Becker
  becker@CESDIS.gsfc.nasa.gov J܂B

  6.2.  EQL - ̃gtBbNCRCU

  EQL ̃foCX `eql' łBW̃J[l\[Xł͈̃}V
   EQL foCXgȂ܂BEQL g΁A PPP 
  slipAplip Ƃ_Ԑڑ𕡐pӂāA̘_IȐ
  ̂悤ɗpł܂BĂ̏ꍇA̐pᑬ
  ܂Ƃ߂ɉx҂܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                   [*] Network device support
                   <*> EQL (serial line load balancing) support

  ̋@\g߂ɂ́Aڑ̃}V EQL @\ĂȂ΂
  ܂BLinuxA Livingstone Portmaster V[Yȍ~̃_CACT
  [oȂǂ̋@\T|[gĂ܂B

  EQL ݒ肷ɂ́A metalab.unc.edu
  <ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/linux/system/Serial/eql-1.2.tar.gz> 
  ł EQL pc[KvɂȂ܂B

  EQL ̐ݒ͂ȒPłB܂ŏ eql C^[tFCXݒ肵
  B eql C^[tF[X͑̃lbg[NfoCXƂقƂǓ
  B IP AhX mtu  ifconfig pĉL̂悤ɐݒ肵܂B

               root# ifconfig eql 192.168.10.1 mtu 1006

  ɁAgƂĂꂼ蓮ŋN܂B_Ԑڑ𕡐
  pӂ邱ƂɂȂł傤Bǂ̂悤ɋN邩͎gڑ̎ނɈˑ
  ܂̂ŁAڂ͂ꂼ̐ڑ`ԂɂĐ͂
  B

  ŌɃVAڑ EQL foCXɌт܂B́uX[u
  (enslalving)vƌĂ΂Aeql_enslave R}hɂĈȉ̂悤ɍs
  :

          root# eql_enslave eql sl0 28800
          root# eql_enslave eql ppp0 14400

  eql_enslave R}hɗ^ux(estimated speed)vp[
  ^́Aڂɂ͉܂B̃p[^ EQL foCXf[^O
  ꂼ̉ǂ̂悤ȊŎ󂯂邩肷邽߂Ɏg
  ̂ŁA̐܂čœKlTĂB

  EQL foCXJɂ́Aȉ̂悤 eql_emancipate R}
  hg܂:

               root# eql_emancipate eql sl0

  ̓_ԐڑƓAEQL foCXgoH\łA
  ꍇۂ̃VAfoCXł͂Ȃ eql foCXoHɎg܂BႦ
  ΁Aȉ̂悤ɌoHݒł܂:

               root# route add default eql

  EQL hCo Simon Janes  simon@ncm.com J܂B

  6.3.  IP pPbgv̎擾(Linux 2.0 p)

  J[l IP pPbgv̎擾@\(IP accounting @\)gݍ
  ΁Albg[N̎gpL^邱Ƃł܂BL^łf[^́A
  ɃJE^ZbgĂƂ肵pPbgƃf[^̃oCg
  łBJeSƂɈقȂ郋[włAړIɉݒ肪\
  B̃IvV̓J[l 2.1.102 łȂȂ܂BÂ ipfwadm x
  [X̃t@CAEH[ ``ipfwchains'' ɂĒuꂽ
  B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] IP: accounting

  J[lɕKvȋ@\gݍōċNAipfwadm R}hg
  IP pPbgv擾@\ݒ肵܂BIP pPbg̓vו邽
  ߂̕@͂낢날܂BȉɎۂɎgȊȒPȐݒ
  ݂܂BڍׂɂĂ ipfwadm  man y[WǂłB

  󋵐ݒ: PPP oRŃC^[lbgɐڑꂽC[Tlbg̃lbg[
  NƂ܂BC[Tlbg̃lbg[Nɂ͂܂܂ȃT[rX
  񋟂Ă}VAftp  WWW ƂgtBbNǂꂭ炢
  Ă邩m肽Ƃ܂B܂ tcp, udp ŜɂĂl̂
  m肽Ƃ܂B

  ȉ̂悤ȃR}hQs邱ƂɂȂ܂BVFXNvǧ`
  ܂Ƃ߂Ď܂:

               #!/bin/sh
               #
               # Flush the accounting rules
               ipfwadm -A -f
               #
               # Set shortcuts
               localnet=44.136.8.96/29
               any=0/0
               # Add rules for local ethernet segment
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $localnet ftp-data
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $localnet ftp-data
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $localnet www
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $localnet www
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $localnet
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $localnet
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P udp -D $localnet
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P udp -S $localnet
               #
               # Rules for default
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $any ftp-data
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $any ftp-data
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $any www
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $any www
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P tcp -D $any
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S $any
               ipfwadm -A in  -a -P udp -D $any
               ipfwadm -A out -a -P udp -S $any
               #
               # List the rules
               ipfwadm -A -l -n
               #

  ``ftp-data''  ``www'' ƂO /etc/services ɂݒQ
  Ƃ܂BŌ̃R}h͂ꂼ IP pPbgv̎擾K
  AW߂f[^̍vl\܂B

  IP pPbgv͂ۂɒӂׂȂ̂́A}b`ׂĂ
  KɂevGAɑ΂(]oCgpPbg)ꂼꑫ
  ܂ƂƂłB̂߁AƂČl𓾂ɂ͑̌v
  ZKvłBႦ΁Aftp ł www łȂf[^ʂm邽߂ɂ́AS
  Ẵ|[gɃ}b`K蓾]ʂAftp  www ƂX
  ̃vgRœ]f[^ʂKv܂B

  root# ipfwadm -A -l -n
  IP accounting rules
   pkts bytes dir prot source               destination          ports
      0     0 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            44.136.8.96/29       * -> 20
      0     0 out tcp  44.136.8.96/29       0.0.0.0/0            20 -> *
     10  1166 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            44.136.8.96/29       * -> 80
     10   572 out tcp  44.136.8.96/29       0.0.0.0/0            80 -> *
    252 10943 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            44.136.8.96/29       * -> *
    231 18831 out tcp  44.136.8.96/29       0.0.0.0/0             * -> *
      0     0 in  udp  0.0.0.0/0            44.136.8.96/29       * -> *
      0     0 out udp  44.136.8.96/29       0.0.0.0/0            * -> *
      0     0 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> 20
      0     0 out tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            20 -> *
     10  1166 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> 80
     10   572 out tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            80 -> *
    253 10983 in  tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> *
    231 18831 out tcp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> *
      0     0 in  udp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> *
      0     0 out udp  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            * -> *

  6.4.  IPpPbgv擾(Linux 2.2 p)

  V IP pPbgv擾@\́uIP Firewall Chainsvʂėp
  Bڂ IP chains ̃z[y[W
  <http://www.adelaide.net.au/~rustcorp/ipfwchains/ipfwchains.html> 
  ĂBɒӂׂȂ̂́AtB^̐ݒɂ ipfwadm ł͂Ȃ
  ipchains gKv_ł(ŐVŃJ[l Documentation/Changes
  )B

  6.5.  IP GCAX

  1 ̃lbg[NfoCXɕ IP AhXݒłƕ֗ȗp
  r܂BC^[lbgT[rXvoC_(ISP)͂悭
  @\pāAڋqɍ킹āuJX^}CYvWWW T[rX ftp T
  [rX񋟂Ă܂BɏĂȏ̏ɂẮA ``IP-
  Alias mini-HOWTO'' B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   ....
                   [*] Network aliasing
                   ....
                   <*> IP: aliasing support

  IP_Alias @\gݍ񂾃J[l\zăCXg[Ă܂΁A
  ̋@\ݒ肷̂͂ȒPłBalias @\́Aۂ̃lbg[Nf
  oCXɉzIȃlbg[NfoCX֘AÂĒǉ܂BzIȃf
  oCXɊ肠Ă閼ÓA<devname>:<virtual dev num> ̌`ŁA
  eth0:0Appp0:10 ̂悤ɂȂ܂Bifname:number `̃foCX́AC
  ̃C^tF[X̐ݒłȂΐݒłȂ_ɒӂĂB

  Ƃ΁A 2 ̈قȂ IP Tulbg[NT|[gĂC[T
  lbglbg[Nɐڑ}VƂāAɑõTulbg
  ɃANZXꍇAȉ̂悤ɂ܂B

               root# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
               root# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0

               root# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
               root# route add -net 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0:0

  GCAX폜ꍇAzIȃfoCX̌ `-' t
  ifconfig ܂B

               root# ifconfig eth0:0- 0

  zfoCX폜΁A֘AoHSĎIɍ폜܂B

  6.6.  IP t@CAEH[(Linux 2.0 p)

  IP t@CAEH[ƃt@CAEH[SʂɂĂ Firewall-HOWTO
  <Firewall-HOWTO.html> ̕ƏڂĂ܂BIP t@CAEH
  [g΁A IP AhX̃f[^OȊO͒ʂȂ悤
  ɐݒł܂Bt@CAEH[̐ݒɂ́AĂf[^Oɑ
  ́AoĂf[^Oɑ΂́Aœ](forward)f
  [^Oɑ΂̂ 3 ނ܂BĂf[^Oɑ
  郋[̓lbg[NfoCX󂯂Ƃf[^Oɑ΂ēKp
  AoĂf[^Oɑ΂郋[̓lbg[NfoCXo
  f[^OɓKp܂B]f[^Oɑ΂郋[́A
  Ƃ̂́AĂł͂Ȃf[^OAȂ킿ʂ̌oHɑo
  f[^OɓKp܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] Network firewalls
                   ....
                   [*] IP: forwarding/gatewaying
                   ....
                   [*] IP: firewalling
                   [ ] IP: firewall packet logging

  IP t@CAEH[@\ ipfwadm R}hgĐݒ肵܂BȑOɂ
  qׂ܂A̓ZLeBɂĂ̐Ƃł͂܂Bȉɉ
  p\ȊȒPȗЉ܂AZLeBdvȖȂ΁A
  ŌĕKvȐݒJĂB

  IP t@CAEH[@\̍łʓIȎǵALinux }V[^
  t@CAEH[Q[gEFCƂėpA[Jlbg[Nlbg
  [NŐĂȂANZX邱Ƃł傤B

  ȉ̐ݒ Arnt Gulbrandsen <agulbra@troll.no> 񍐂Ăꂽ
  ɊÂĂ܂B

  ȉɗpł́A}̂悤ȐݒŁALinux }Vt@CAEH[
  /[^ɂĂ܂B

       -                                   -
        \                                  | 172.16.37.0
         \                                 |   /255.255.255.0
          \                 ---------      |
           |  172.16.174.30 | Linux |      |
       NET =================|  f/w  |------|    ..37.19
           |    PPP         | router|      |  --------
          /                 ---------      |--| Mail |
         /                                 |  | /DNS |
        /                                  |  --------
       -                                   -

  t@CAEH[ݒ肷邽߂̃R}h́Aʏ rc t@Cɂ܂Ƃ
  āAVXe̋NɎIɎs悤ɐݒ肵܂BZLeB
  őɋɂ́Albg[NC^[tFCXݒ肳Ă炱
  ̐ݒsׂłAt@CAEH[}Vu[gۂɒN
  C^Ŷh߁Albg[Nݒ̑OɎsKv邩
  ܂B

          #!/bin/sh

          # Flush the 'Forwarding' rules table
          # Change the default policy to 'accept'
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -f
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -p accept
          #
          # .. and for 'Incoming'
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -I -f
          /sbin/ipfwadm -I -p accept

          # First off, seal off the PPP interface
          # I'd love to use '-a deny' instead of '-a reject -y' but then it
          # would be impossible to originate connections on that interface too.
          # The -o causes all rejected datagrams to be logged. This trades
          # disk space against knowledge of an attack of configuration error.
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -I -a reject -y -o -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.174.30

          # Throw away certain kinds of obviously forged packets right away:
          # Nothing should come from multicast/anycast/broadcast addresses
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -S 224.0/3 -D 172.16.37.0/24
          #
          # and nothing coming from the loopback network should ever be
          # seen on a wire
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -S 127.0/8 -D 172.16.37.0/24

          # accept incoming SMTP and DNS connections, but only
          # to the Mail/Name Server
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.19 25 53
          #
          # DNS uses UDP as well as TCP, so allow that too
          # for questions to our name server
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P udp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.19 53
          #
          # but not "answers" coming to dangerous ports like NFS and
          # Larry McVoy's NFS extension.  If you run squid, add its port here.
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -P udp -S 0/0 53 \
                  -D 172.16.37.0/24 2049 2050

          # answers to other user ports are okay
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P udp -S 0/0 53 \
                  -D 172.16.37.0/24 53 1024:65535

          # Reject incoming connections to identd
          # We use 'reject' here so that the connecting host is told
          # straight away not to bother continuing, otherwise we'd experience
          # delays while ident timed out.
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a reject -o -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24 113

          # Accept some common service connections from the 192.168.64 and
          # 192.168.65 networks, they are friends that we trust.
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 192.168.64.0/23 \
                  -D 172.16.37.0/24 20:23

          # accept and pass through anything originating inside
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 172.16.37.0/24 -D 0/0

          # deny most other incoming TCP connections and log them
          # (append 1:1023 if you have problems with ftp not working)
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -y -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24

          # ... for UDP too
          #
          /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -P udp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24

  悢t@CAEH[̐ݒ͑gbL[ɂȂĂ̂łA
  Ɏ͏o_Ƃď\ɗ͂łBݒ@̏ڍׂɂĂ
  ipfwadm  man y[WQƂĂBt@CAEH[ݒ肷
  A͂̐lɂ˂āAMɑ񌹂̃AhoCX\Ȍ
  󂯂ĂBāAݒ肪@\Ă邩ǂAOm
  FĂ炢܂傤B

  6.7.  IP t@CAEH[ (Linux 2.2 p)

  Vt@CAEH[@\ ``IP Firewall Chains'' gėpł
  Bڂ IP chains ̃z[y[W
  <http://www.adelaide.net.au/~rustcorp/ipfwchains/ipfwchains.html> 
  ĂBɒӂׂȂ̂́AtB^̐ݒɂ ipfwadm ł͂Ȃ
  ipchains gKv_ł(ŐVŃJ[l Documentation/Changes
  )B

  ͔̐ɌÂȂĂ邱Ƃ͕M҂킩ĂA̐߂
  ׂݍƒłB1999 N 8 ɂ͐Vłôł҂
  B

  6.8.  IPIP JvZ

  IP f[^O̒ IP f[^OJvZēƁAȂ
  ɗł傤? OĎgrmĂȂ΁A̎@͂
  ƊɎv邱Ƃł傤Bł́Aꂪ悭gړI 2 
  傤BoC IP  IP }`LXgłBƂLgĂ
  ǁAقƂǒmĂȂpړIƂĂ̓A}`A
  B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] TCP/IP networking
                   [*] IP: forwarding/gatewaying
                   ....
                   <*> IP: tunneling

  IP glfoCX `tunl0', `tunl1' ƂȂ܂B

  ułAǂĂȂ̂g?v? ͂͂A܂
  B܂ł IP oHł́AIP lbg[N̓lbg[NAhX
  lbg[N}XN\邱ƂɂȂĂ܂BɂAA
  ÃAhX̑SĂɑ΂ 1 ̌oHGggoH
  䂪s܂B͑ϕ֗łÃlbg[N̈ꕔɐ
  ĂԂ͓ IP AhXgȂƂƂł܂B
  Ƃǂ̏ꍇ͂łvȂ̂łAȂoChł΁A
   1 ̏ꏊɐڑ܂܂Ƃ킯ɂ͂ȂƎv܂B
  IP/IP JvZ(IP glO)gƁA IP AhX̃f[
  ^O IP ̔Ԃĕʂ IP AhXɑ邱ƂɂāA̐
  ł܂B΂炭ʂ IP lbg[NōƂ邱Ƃ
  Ă΁ǍX̃lbg[Ñ}VȂ IP AhX
  f[^O󂯕tA݈ꎞIɎgĂAhXɑ悤
  ɐݒł܂B

  6.8.1.  glOslbg[Nݒ

        192.168.1/24                          192.168.2/24

            -                                     -
            |      ppp0 =            ppp0 =       |
            |  aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd  fff.ggg.hhh.iii   |
            |                                     |
            |   /-----\                 /-----\   |
            |   |     |       //        |     |   |
            |---|  A  |------//---------|  B  |---|
            |   |     |     //          |     |   |
            |   \-----/                 \-----/   |
            |                                     |
            -                                     -

  ̐}́AIPIP JvZKvƂȂʂ̗RAȂ킿zvCx[
  glbg[N(virtual private networking, VPN)Ă܂B̗
  ł́A_CAAbvɂPȃC^[lbgڑĂ}V 2
  䂠邱ƂOƂ܂Bꂼ̃zXg IP AhX 1 
  蓖ĂĂ܂B̃}V̌ɂ́A\ς݂ IP lbg[
  NAhXgݒ̃vCx[g LAN ܂B̂
  Albg[N A ̃zXgƃlbg[N B ̃zXgAlbg
  [NoHgĐC^[lbgɐڑĂ邩̂悤ɐڑ
  Ƃ܂BIPIP JvZgƂꂪ\ɂȂ܂BJvZ
  ́Albg[N A  B ̃zXgC^[lbg̕ʂ̃zXgƒʐM
  Ƃ͉Ȃ̂ŒӂĂB sɂ́A
   IP }XJ[h̋ZKvƂȂ܂BJvZ͕ʁA}V
  [^̂悤ɋ@\邱ƂŎ܂B

  Linux ɂ郋[^ `A' ́Aȉ̂悤ȃXNvggĐݒ肵܂:

          #!/bin/sh
          PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin
          mask=255.255.255.0
          remotegw=fff.ggg.hhh.iii
          #
          # Ethernet configuration
          ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask $mask up
          route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask $mask eth0
          #
          # ppp0 configuration (start ppp link, set default route)
          pppd
          route add default ppp0
          #
          # Tunnel device configuration
          ifconfig tunl0 192.168.1.1 up
          route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask $mask gw $remotegw tunl0

  Linux ɂ郋[^ `B' l̃XNvggĐݒ肵܂:

               #!/bin/sh
               PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin
               mask=255.255.255.0
               remotegw=aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd
               #
               # Ethernet configuration
               ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.1 netmask $mask up
               route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask $mask eth0
               #
               # ppp0 configuration (start ppp link, set default route)
               pppd
               route add default ppp0
               #
               # Tunnel device configuration
               ifconfig tunl0 192.168.2.1 up
               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask $mask gw $remotegw tunl0

  ȉ̃R}h

               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask $mask gw $remotegw tunl0

  ́Au192.168.1.0/24̑SẴf[^OAI_AhX
  aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd ł IPIP JvZf[^O̒ɑ邱ƁvƓ
  ݂܂B

  ݒ͗[ő΂ɂȂ_ɒӂĂBglfoCX́AoHw
  肷邽߂Ɏ󂯎f[^Oꂽ IP f[^ȌI_Ƃ
  āAoH̒ `gw' g܂B̃}V IPIP f[^ÕJvZ
  ̕@mĂȂ΂Ȃ܂B܂AglfoCX
  ݒ肳ĂȂ΂Ȃ܂B

  6.8.2.  glOszXg̐ݒ

  lbg[NŜł܂Ƃ߂ČoHsKv͂܂BႦ΁A1 
   IP AhX̌oHw肷邱Ƃł܂B̏ꍇɂ́Au
  [gṽ}Vtunl foCXɃz[ IP AhXݒ肵AA ł
  glfoCXʂāAlbg[ŇoHł͂ȂzXǧoH
  ( Proxy Arp)słB\}𐳂Ă݂܂
  Bx̏ꍇ́AC^[lbgɊSɐڑAzXg `A'
  T|[gĂ郊[g̃lbg[N̈ꕔł邩̂悤ɓ삳
  zXg `B' 邾ł:

        192.168.1/24

            -
            |      ppp0 =                ppp0 =
            |  aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd      fff.ggg.hhh.iii
            |
            |   /-----\                 /-----\
            |   |     |       //        |     |
            |---|  A  |------//---------|  B  |
            |   |     |     //          |     |
            |   \-----/                 \-----/
            |                      also: 192.168.1.12
            -

  Linux ɂ郋[^ `A' ͈ȉ̃VFXNvggĐݒ肵܂:

               #!/bin/sh
               PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin
               mask=255.255.255.0
               remotegw=fff.ggg.hhh.iii
               #
               # Ethernet configuration
               ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask $mask up
               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask $mask eth0
               #
               # ppp0 configuration (start ppp link, set default route)
               pppd
               route add default ppp0
               #
               # Tunnel device configuration
               ifconfig tunl0 192.168.1.1 up
               route add -host 192.168.1.12 gw $remotegw tunl0
               #
               # Proxy ARP for the remote host
               arp -s 192.168.1.12 xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx pub

  Linux zXg `B' ͈ȉ̃VFXNvggĐݒ肵܂:

               #!/bin/sh
               PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin
               mask=255.255.255.0
               remotegw=aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd
               #
               # ppp0 configuration (start ppp link, set default route)
               pppd
               route add default ppp0
               #
               # Tunnel device configuration
               ifconfig tunl0 192.168.1.12 up
               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask $mask gw $remotegwtunl0

  ̂悤Ȑݒ́AoC IP lƂ͂肵܂BoC
  IP ł́A1 ̃zXgC^[lbgłɈړÅ
   1  IP AhXgƕ֗łBۂ̃oC IP
  ̈ɂẮAoC IP ̐߂QƂĂB

  6.9.  IP }XJ[h(IP Masquerade)

  C^[lbgɐڑ邽߂Ƀ_CAAbvڑgĂl
  񂢂邱Ƃł傤BڑpĂقƂǂ̐ĺA ISP 
   IP AhX 1 炦܂B 1 ̃zXgSɃlbg[
  NɃANZXɂ́Aʂ IP AhX 1 Ώ\
  BIP }XJ[h(IP Masquerade)Ƃ̂́A1  IP AhX𕡐
  ̃Rs[^Ŏg߂̂܂d|łBIP }XJ[hg΁A
  u}XJ[h(masquerade, ϑ)vƂt̒ʂÃzXg_CA
  AbvڑĂ}VɌ IP AhXLł܂B
  ӓ_āA}XJ[h@\͂قڊmɕЕ̒ʐMł
  삵܂B܂A}XJ[hĂzXg͎̐ڑ͍s
  ܂A[gzXg̐ڑ󂯕t邱Ƃ͂ł܂B
  āAtalk ̃lbg[NT[rX͓삵܂񂵁A ftp ̃T[rX
  pbVu(PASV)[hœ삷悤ɐݒ肵Ȃ΂Ȃ܂BK^Ȃ
  ƂɁAtelnet, WWW,  irc ܂ޑ啔̃lbg[NT[rX͂܂
  ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Code maturity level options  --->
                   [*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
               Networking options  --->
                   [*] Network firewalls
                   ....
                   [*] TCP/IP networking
                   [*] IP: forwarding/gatewaying
                   ....
                   [*] IP: masquerading (EXPERIMENTAL)

  ʂ̏ꍇAȂ Linux }Vɂ slip  PPP _CAAbvڑ@
  \gݍ܂Ă鎖ł傤 (X^hÃ}Vł邩
  ̂悤)BɁÃ}Vɂ͕ʂ̃lbg[NfoCX (C[T
  lbg) ݒ肳ĂāAlbg[NUĂ邱ƂɂȂ
  Ăł傤B}XJ[hoRŐڑzXg͂ 2 ߂̃lbg
  [Nɂ܂BC[Tlbglbg[Nɂe}ṼftH
  ǧoHɂ́A IP }XJ[hgݍŃC^[lbgƂ̃Q[gEF
  CɂȂĂA Linux }Vw肵܂B

  悭 IP }XJ[h̐ݒ͉}̂悤ɂȂ܂:

       -                                   -
        \                                  | 192.168.1.0
         \                                 |   /255.255.255.0
          \                 ---------      |
           |                | Linux | .1.1 |
       NET =================| masq  |------|
           |    PPP/slip    | router|      |  --------
          /                 ---------      |--| host |
         /                                 |  |      |
        /                                  |  --------
       -                                   -

  IPFWADM g IP }XJ[h

  ̐ݒsߍłK؂ȃR}h͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂ܂:

               # Network route for ethernet
               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               #
               # Default route to the rest of the internet.
               route add default ppp0
               #
               # Cause all hosts on the 192.168.1/24 network to be masqueraded.
               ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.1.0/24 -D 0.0.0.0/0

  ipchains g IP }XJ[h

   ipfwadm gꍇƎĂ܂AR}h̍\ςĂ
  :

               # Network route for ethernet
               route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
               #
               # Default route to the rest of the internet.
               route add default ppp0
               #
               # Cause all hosts on the 192.168.1/24 network to be masqueraded.
               ipchains -A forward -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQ

  IP }XJ[h@\̏ڂ IP Masquerade Resource Page
  <http://www.hwy401.com/achau/ipmasq/> ɂ܂B܂AIP }XJ[
  hɊւɏڂƂāA ``IP-Masquerade mini-HOWTO'' 
  ܂B̕ɂ́ALinux g IP }XJ[hT[oƑ OS g
  ݍ킹Ďg߂̐ݒڂĂ܂B

  (: L uri  2000/12 ݓBs\Ȃ悤łB Linux IP
  Masquerade Resource <http://ipmasq.cjb.net/> B)

  6.10.  IP ߃vLV(IP Transparent Proxy)

  IP transparent proxy @\g΁Aʂ̃}Vւ̃T[rXNGXg
  T[oւ̃ANZX̃}VɃ_CNg邱Ƃł܂B̋@
  \́ALinux }V[^vLVT[oƂĎgĂꍇɕ֗
  ŁAÕlbg[N֗vꂽNGXgSă[J̃vLVT
  [oŏł悤ɂȂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Code maturity level options  --->
                       [*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
               Networking options  --->
                       [*] Network firewalls
                       ....
                       [*] TCP/IP networking
                       ....
                       [*] IP: firewalling
                       ....
                       [*] IP: transparent proxy support (EXPERIMENTAL)

  ߃vLV@\ ipfwadm R}hŐݒ肵܂B

  𗧂ȐݒȉɎĂ܂:

               root# ipfwadm -I -a accept -D 0/0 telnet -r 2323

  ̗sꍇACӂ̃zXg telnet(23 )|[gɐڑ悤
  ƁA߃vLVzXg 2323 ԃ|[gɃ_CNg܂B
  |[gŃT[rXs΁Atelnet ڑ]胍OcAK
  vɉ܂B

  ɖʔƂāASĂ http gtBbN[J̃LbV
  _CNg邱Ƃł܂BAvLVT[ogvgR
  ̓lCeBu http: Ƃ͈قȂ܂B܂Ahttp NCAg
  www.server.com:80 ɐڑ /path/page v܂A[JLb
  Vɐڑꍇ proxy.local.domain:8080 ɐڑ
  www.server.com/path/page vȂ΂Ȃ܂B

  http NGXgɃ[JvLṼtB^ɂ́A transproxy
  ƌĂ΂鏬ȃT[o(WWW œł܂)ԂɒuāAvgR
  vKv܂Btransproxy  8081 ԃ|[gœ삳ɂ́A
  ȉ̃R}hs܂:

               root# ipfwadm -I -a accept -D 0/0 80 -r 8081

  ƁAtransproxy ͊OT[oɃANZX悤ƂSĂ̐ڑ
  󂯎AvgȒ_𒼂ɁA[J̃vLVɓn
  ܂B

  6.11.  IPv6

   IP lbg[Nɂėn߂Ƃ낾Ƃ̂ɁA[
  ςĂ܂ȂācAƎv邩܂BIPv6 Ƃ Internet
  Protocol Version 6 ̏ȗ`łBIPv6 ́A݃C^[lbgR~j
  eBʂĂ IP AhX̌͊ɑΉ邱ƂړIɊJ
  Ă܂BIPv6 ̃AhX 16 oCg(128 rbg)ɂȂĂ܂B
  ȊOɂAIPv6 ł͎ƂĒP̂߂̂܂܂ȕύX{
  āA IPv4 lbg[NǗ₷悤ɂȂĂ܂B

  Linux 2.2.*V[Yɂ́A IPv6 ̎삵Ă܂A܂S
  ł͂܂B

  ̎̃C^[lbgZpĂ݂ꍇKvȏꍇ́A
  www.terra.net <http://www.terra.net/ipv6/> ł IPv6-FAQ 
  ܂ǂł݂܂傤B

  6.12.  oC IP(Mobile IP)

  uIP ̉(IP mobility)vƂ́AꏊŃC^[lbgɐڑĂ
  zXgAʂ̏ꏊɈڂĂ IP AhXύXɐڑłA
  ؂炸ɏꏊړł邱ƂłBʏAIP AhX蓖Ă
  ĂzXǵAڑꏊύX IP AhXύXȂ΂Ȃ
  BIP mobility @\g΁A|[^u}Vɂ܂ IP Ah
  X蓖āA[eBO@\IP JvZ(glO)@\
  gA|[^u}Ṽf[^OÃ}VݎۂɎg
   IP AhXɑ邱Ƃł܂B

  Linux p IP mobility c[ꎮJ悤ƂvWFNgis
  łBvWFNg̐is󋵂ƃc[ Linux Mobile IP Home Page
  <http://anchor.cs.binghamton.edu/~mobileip/> ł܂B

  6.13.  }`LXg

  ʏATCP/IP ͐ڑ̃}Vw肵Έ̐ڑ`Ԃ܂A
  IP }`LXg@\g΁AقȂ IP lbg[NɂCӂ̐
  ̃zXgցA IP f[^O𑗂邱Ƃ\ɂȂ܂B̋@\
  ́AC^[lbgŜ։rfȊfނuvȂǁA܂
  ȐVAvP[V̂߂ɊJ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

       Networking options  --->
               [*] TCP/IP networking
               ....
               [*] IP: multicasting

  IP }`LXggɂ́Ac[ꎮƑ̃lbg[N̐ݒ肪K
  vłBLinux ̃}`LXgΉɊւڂɂĂ
  Multicast-HOWTO <Multicast-HOWTO.html> B

  6.14.  NAT - lbg[NAhXϊ(Network Address Translation)

  IP lbg[NAhXϊ@\(NAT)́ALinux  IP }XJ[h@\
  ZMWꂽ́AƎvĂ܂܂BNAT 
  RFC-1631 ŏڂdl߂Ă܂(RFC ͂߂ RFC A[J
  Cu肵Ă)BNAT ɂł IP }XJ[hɂ͂łȂ@
  \̂ŁAЋK͂̃t@CAEH[̌oH݌vK͂Ȑݔŗp
  ɂ NAT ̕ƓK؂łB

  Linux 2.0.29 p NAT ̃At@ł̎ Michael.Hasenstein
  Michael.Hasenstein@informatik.tu-chemnitz.de J܂B Michaels
  쐬Ǝ͈ȉ̏ꏊł܂:

  Linux IP Network Address Web Page <http://www.csn.tu-
  chemnitz.de/HyperNews/get/linux-ip-nat.html>

  V Linux 2.2.x łAoHASY NAT @\̈ꕔ
  ܂B

  6.15.  Traffic Shaper - ш敝̕ύX

  traffic shaper ́A[U`悤ɃgtBbN𐧌C^
  tF[XfoCXV쐬hCołB̃foCX́Aۂ̑
  MsIȃlbg[NfoCXɈˑ܂B܂Albg[Ng
  tBbNɑ΂Ă͑Mp routed ƂĎg܂B

  traffic shaper  Linux 2.1.15 œALinux 2.0.36 ɃobN|[
  g(: JŃJ[l̋@\ŃJ[lɈڐA邱) ܂
  (traffic shaper ́AAlan Cox zzĂ 2.0.36-pre-patch-2 Ɋ
  ܂Ă܂BAlan Cox  Linux 2.0 p shaper foCX̍҂ł胁
  eił)B

  traffic shaper ̓W[ƂăRpCȂ΂Ȃ܂B
  foCX shapecfg R}hȉ̂悤ɎgĐݒ肵܂:

               shapecfg attach shaper0 eth1
               shapecfg speed shaper0 64000

  shaper foCX͑MgtBbN̑ш敝̐䂵ł܂B
  ̂ApPbg͌oH\ɏ] shaper foCXoRőM邩
  łBāAun_AhXgoHv@\𗘗p΁A
  Linux [^gẴzXg̑Ŝ̑ш敝𐧌ł܂B

  Linux 2.2 ͍ŏ炱̂悤ȌoHɑΉĂ܂BLinux 2.0 ł
  ̋@\KvȂ Mike McLagan ɂpb`𒲂ׂĂB̃pb
  ` ftp.invlogic.com ɂ܂Bshaper foCXɊւ̏ڂ
  ɂẮADocumentationnetworking/shaper.txt/ ĂB

  MpPbg(I)Ă݂΁A rshaper-1.01 
  Ƃ悢ł傤(ɐVo[W邩܂)B
  ftp.systemy.it <ftp://ftp.systemy.it/pub/develop> ł܂B

  6.16.  Linux 2.2 ɂoH

  ŐVł Linux ło[W 2.2 ł́AoH̃|V[͔ɏ_
  ɐݒł܂B\󂠂܂񂪁AɂĂ͖{̎̔ł
  AJ[l̃\[XǂނĂB

  7.  ʓI PC n[hEFA̎gp

  7.1.  ISDN

  ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network)Ƃ́Aėp̃fBW^EX
  Cb`Elbg[N̋KïłBISDN  `call' ́AړInƂ̈
  Έ̓IȐڑ𒣂܂BISDN ̃f[^́AʏÃ`l
  ꂽoRĉ^΂܂BISDN ̃`lɂ 2 ̎
  ܂B `B `l' ͎ۂ̃f[^]܂ (ɕ`l
  𗘗pł܂)B `D `l' ƌĂ΂́AڑmȂǂ
  e̐ ISDN @ɑM܂ ({g܂)BI[X
  gAɂƂƁAISDN  2Mbps ̉gđ܂Ả
   30 { 64kbps B `l 1 { 64kbps D `lɕ
  Ã`l𓯎ɂłgp\łBȂ킿A 30 {
  ̃`looɎg 30 ̐ڑ 64kbps Őڑ\łA2
  {̃`l𓯎g 15 ̐ڑ 128kbps Őڑ邱Ƃ\
  B܂A{̃`lgāAc̓ACĥ܂܂ɂĂ
  Ƃł܂B̃`l͑MɂMɂg܂BISDN ̌X
  ړÍAdbЂŁAʂȐݒύXȂĂA(fB
  W^)ʂ̓dbƁAƒЂւ̃f[^ʐMT[rXs
  ɂ邱ƂłB

  [: { NTT ł́Aʃ[Upɂ 64kbps  B `l 2 {
  16kbps  D `l܂Ƃ߂uINSlbg64vAƌɂ B `l
   23 { D `l 1 {܂Ƃ߂uINSlbg 1500v񋟂Ă
  B] Rs[^ ISDN T[rXɐڑɂ͂̕@
  A TA(Terminal Adaptor)ĝ̈łBTA Ƃ́AISDN T[
  rX_񂵂ۂɉƎ҂ݒuĂlbg[N̏I[jbg
  ڑāÃVAC^[tFCX񋟂鑕ułB̃C
  ^[tFCẌgĉڑݒp̃R}hƂ肵Ac
  ̃C^[tFCXۂ̃lbg[NfoCXɐڑāAڑ̊m
  Ƀf[^Ƃ肷邽߂Ɏg܂B̎̐ݒ̏ꍇALinux 
  ʂ̐ݒ薳 ISDN g܂B TA ̃|[gÃVAfoCX
  ƓlɈ΂悢̂łBALinux }V ISDN J[h𑕒
  āAJ[l ISDN @\gݍ݁ALinux 璼ڃvgR𑀍삵
  ڑsƂł܂(A{Ŏgp\ ISDN J[h̓T
  |[gĂ܂)B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               ISDN subsystem  --->
                       <*> ISDN support
                       [ ] Support synchronous PPP
                       [ ] Support audio via ISDN
                       < > ICN 2B and 4B support
                       < > PCBIT-D support
                       < > Teles/NICCY1016PC/Creatix support

  Linux  ISDN @\͈ȉɎ悤ȓ ISDN J[hT|[gĂ
  Bȉ̃J[hJ[l̐ݒ莞̑IƂĕ\܂:

  o  ICN 2B  4B

  o  Octal PCBIT-D

  o  Teles ISDN J[hƂ̌݊J[h

  Kvȃ\tgEFA_E[hȂ΂ȂȂJ[h܂A
  ̂߂ɂ͐p̃vOʂɕKvłB

  Linux  ISDN @\ǂ̂悤ɐݒ肷邩̏ڍׂɂĂ
  /usr/src/linux/Documentation/isdn/ ɂe www.lrz-muenchen.de
  <http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~ui161ab/www/isdn/> ɂ isdn4linux Ƃ
   FAQ (pł邽߂ɂ English IԂƂY
  Ȃ)B

  PPP ɂẴBPPP vgR͔񓯊A킸Ɏg܂A
  ݍLgĂ Linux p PPP f[ pppd ͔񓯊[hT
  |[gĂ܂BPPP  ISDN oRŎgꍇAʂɏCo[
  WKvɂȂ܂B̃o[Wǂœł邩L̕
  ŏЉĂ܂B

  7.2.  PLIP (Linux 2.0 ̏ꍇ)

  PLIP ̃foCX `plip0', `plip1, plip2 łB

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                   <*> PLIP (parallel port) support

  plip(Parallel Line IP)́ASLIP ƓlɁA2 ̃}V̊ԂňΈ ڑ
  ̋@\񋟂܂BAVA|[gł͂Ȃv^p̃p
  |[ggĐڑ_قȂ܂(P[ǔ\ɂẮAq
  錋\̐߂QƂĂ)Bp|[g͈xɕrbg
  ]ł̂ŁAplip gΒʏ̃VA|[ggڑ͍
  Ȑڑ\ɂȂ܂B܂AłPȃp|[głv^
  |[gƂǁA 16550AFN UART VA|[g\ւł̂ŁA
  rIȌ҂wɂ݂܂ (̃VA|[g̒x
  16450 UART ̎ɕKv)B PLIP ̓VAڑƔׂ CPU 
  ŁAC[TlbgJ[hɓłꍇɂ͂ƎgȂ
  悢ł傤BAɎĝȂꍇɂ͔ɖ𗧂ł
  Bڑ܂łĂꍇA]xƂĂ 20KB/b x҂
  ͂łB

  PLIP foCXhCóApfoCXhCoƃp|[g̃n
  [hEFA荇܂Bǂ̃hCog΁ÃhC
  oW[ƂăRpCāAPLIP pɎg|[gƃv^
  hCopɎg|[gIׂ悤ɂ܂傤BJ[lW[
  ̐ݒɂĂ ``Mudules mini-HOWTO'' ĂB

  bvgbv@̒ɂ́Av^ł͎gĂȂ PLIP ɂ͕Kv
  MȂ悤ȃ`bvgĂāAPLIP gpłȂ悤Ȃ
  ܂B

  Linux  plip C^[tFCX Crynwyr Packet Driver PLIP ƌ݊
  ̂ŁALinux }V DOS }V PLIP oRŐڑāA܂܂
  TCP/IP \tgEFAgƂł܂B

  2.0.* ñJ[lł́Aplip foCX͈ȉ̂悤 I/O |[g IRQ
  ɑΉ܂:

               device  i/o     IRQ
               ------  -----   ---
               plip0   0x3bc   5
               plip1   0x378   7
               plip2   0x278   2

  g̃p|[g̐ݒ肪L̑gݍ킹ƈقȂꍇA ifconfig
  R}h `irq' IvVgă|[g IRQ ς邱Ƃł
  (ROM BIOS Ńv^|[g IRQ gۂݒłꍇAY
   IRQ g悤ɐݒ肵ĂĂ)Bʂ̕@ƂẮAW
  [gĂȂ insmod ̃R}hC ``io=''  ``irq=''
  wł܂Bȉɗ܂:

               root# insmod plip.o io=0x288 irq=5

  PLIP ̓ 2 ̃^CAEglɂĐ䂳܂BقƂǂ̏ꍇ
  ̓ftHgl̂܂܂ővł傤BRs[^ɒxꍇ
  ́A^CAEgl𑝂₷Kv邩܂񂪁ȀꍇɎۂ
  ₷̂͒ʐM̃Rs[^̃^CAEglłBJ[lăR
  pCɃ^C}ݒύXł plipconfig ƂvO
  B͑ Linux fBXgr[VɕtĂ܂B

  plip C^tF[Xݒ肷ɂ́Aȉ̃R}hs (܂̓V
  Xe̋NXNvgɒǉ)Kv܂:

               root# /sbin/ifconfig plip1 localplip pointopoint remoteplip
               root# /sbin/route add remoteplip plip1

  ŁAg|[g I/O AhX 0x378 łB localplip 
  remoteplip ̕ PLIP P[u̒ʐMŎgzXg IP Ah
  XłBM҂́Alocalplip  remoteplip  /etc/hosts f[^x[X
  o^Ă܂B

          # plip entries
          192.168.3.1   localplip
          192.168.3.2   remoteplip

  pointtopoint p[^ SLIP ̏ꍇƓӖŁAڑ̂̒[
  ɂ}ṼAhXݒ肵܂B

  قƂǂ̏ꍇAplip C^[tFCX SLIP C^[tFCXƓl
  g܂B plip  dip  slattach gKvȂ΁Ag
  Ƃł܂B

  PLIP Ɋւڂ ``PLIP mini-HOWTO'' ɍڂĂ܂B

  7.3.  PLIP (Linux 2.2 ̏ꍇ)

  o[W 2.1 ̃J[l̊JɁAp|[g̃T|[gύX
  Aݒ肪Ƃ܂ł悤ɂȂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               General setup  --->
                   [*] Parallel port support
               Network device support  --->
                   <*> PLIP (parallel port) support

  V PLIP R[h͌ÂR[ĥ悤ɓ삵܂(O̐߂̐Ɠl
   ifconfig R}h route R}hg܂)Ap|[g̃T|
  [gǂꂽ߂ɃfoCX̏@͕ςĂ܂B

  uŏv PLIP foCX͏ ``plip0'' ɂȂ܂BŁuŏv
  Ă̂̓VXeŏɌoƂӖŁA̓C[Tlbg
  foCX̓ƎĂ܂BۂɎgĂp|[g
  ́A/proc/parport ɎĂ闘p\ȃ|[ĝǂꂩłBႦ΁A
  p|[g 1 Ȃ΁A /proc/parport/0 ƂfBNg
  Ȃ͂łB

  p|[ggĂ IRQ ԍJ[lołȂꍇ
  ́A``insmod plip'' ͎s܂B̏ꍇɂ́A /proc/parport/0/irq
  ɐԍŁAinsmod ĂюsΑvłB

  p|[g̊ǗɊւ銮SȐ Documentation/parport.txt
  t@CɏĂ܂B̃t@C̓J[l\[XɊ܂܂Ă
  B

  7.4.  PPP

  PPP ̃foCX `ppp0', `ppp1' ̂悤ɂȂ܂Bŏ̃foCX
  `0' ŁAȌ͏ɔԍt܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   <*> PPP (point-to-point) support

  PPP ̐ݒɂĂ PPP-HOWTO <PPP-HOWTO.html> ŏڂĂ
  B

  7.4.1.  pppd  găC^[lbgƏ펞ڑ@

  ^ǂC^[lbgւ̏펞ڑ\ȊɂāA PPP ڑ
  ꂽꍇɂ͎IɃ_CAƂꍇɂ́Aȉ̊ȒPȋZ
  gĎł܂B

  ȉ̃R}h root Nł悤 PPP ݒ肵܂B

       # pppd

  /etc/ppp/options t@C `-detach' IvVw肷邱ƂYꂸ
  ɁB̏ŁAȉ̍s /etc/inittab ɉAgetty ̐ݒɗp܂B

       pd:23:respawn:/usr/sbin/pppd

  Ă΁Ainit vO pppd ̗グƊĎsApppd 
  񂾏ꍇ͎IɍċN܂B

  7.5.  SLIP NCAg

  SLIP ̃foCX `sl0', `sl1' ȂǂɂȂ܂Bŏ̃foCX `0'
  ŁAc͏ɔԍU܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                   [*] Network device support
                   <*> SLIP (serial line) support
                   [ ]  CSLIP compressed headers
                   [ ]  Keepalive and linefill
                   [ ]  Six bit SLIP encapsulation

  SLIP(Serial Line Internet Protocol)g΁AfoR̓dbA
  Ȃ炩̐p̂悤ȃVA TCP/IP ڑł܂B
   SLIP g߂ɂ́An SLIP T[o ɐڑȂ΂
  񂪁AȆw⏤pvoC_ SLIP ڑ񋟂Ă܂B

  [: {ł SLIP ڑ PPP ڑ̕嗬łB]

  SLIP ̓VA|[goR IP f[^O𑗂܂̂ŁAVA
  foCX𐧌䂷Kv܂BSLIP ̃foCX sl0A sl1 Ȃ
  łAƃVAfoCXƂ̊֌W͂ǂ̂悤ɂȂĂ̂ł
  ? SLIP ̃vO ioctl (I/O control) VXeR[găV
  AfoCX SLIP foCXɕϊĂ܂B̂߂̃vO
  dip  slattach łB

  7.5.1.  dip

  dip (Dialup IP)Ƃ́AVAfoCX̉xݒ肵Af
  dbĎIɃ[gT[oɃOCAT[o瑗
  郍OC̃bZ[W̒犄蓖Ăꂽ IP AhX
  AKvɉ ioctl gVA|[g SLIP [hɕς肷
  鑽@\ȃvOłBdip ɂ͋͂ȃXNvg@\AOC
  葱sł܂B

  dip  metalab.unc.edu
  <ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Network/serial/dip/dip337o-
  uri.tgz> ɂ܂B

  CXg[ɂ́Aȉ̎菇sĂ:

               user% tar xvzf dip337o-uri.tgz
               user% cd dip-3.3.7o
               user% vi Makefile
               root# make install

  ̃pbP[WɓĂ Makefile  uucp ƂO[v邱Ƃ
  OɂĂ܂Bɍ킹āÃO[v dip  SLIP ɂĂ
  B

  7.5.2.  slattach

  slattach  dip ɔׂƂԂPȃvOłBɊȒPɎg
  ܂Adip قǂ̋@\͎Ă܂B slattach ̓XNvg@\
  ȂAVAfoCX SLIP foCXɕϊ@\Ă܂
  Bslattach gꍇɂ́A IP AhXȂǂ̏񂪗\ߕĂA
  ɋNOɃVAڑmĂȂ΂܂Bslattach
  ́AVAoRăT[oɒĂAVA̐p
  gĂۂɕ֗ȃvOłB

  7.5.3.  ǂȏꍇɂǂgׂ?

  dip ́AfoR SLIP T[oɐڑꍇAꎞIȐڑ
  ꍇɎg܂BpŃT[oƐڑĂAڑ̂߂ɓʂ̏
  sv̏ꍇ slattach ֗łBڍׂɂẮuPvI SLIP 
  v̐߂QƂĂB

  SLIP C^[tFCX̐ݒ̓C[TlbgC^[tFCX̐ݒɂ悭
  Ă܂(q́uC[TlbgfoCX̐ݒv̐߂QƂĂ
  )BȂAdvȈႢ܂B

  ܂ɁASLIP ̏ꍇ̓C[Tlbg̃lbg[NƂ͈قȂAڑ
  [Ɉ䂸̃}V܂Bethernet ̏ꍇ̓P[uq
  ΂Ɏg܂ASLIP ̏ꍇAڑ`Ԃɂ܂Albg[N
  ڑJnɂ͉炩̏KvłB

  dip ̏ꍇAVXe̋Nɂ͐ݒłAVAڑ̏ł
  iKŋN邱ƂɂȂ܂B̎菇͎ł܂B slattach ̏
  Arc.inet1 ̒Őݒ肷̂ł傤B̕@ɂĂ͌q
  ܂B

  SLIP T[oɂ͓I IP AhX蓖Ă^CṽT[oƗ\ߌ
  ܂ IP AhXg^CṽT[o 2 킪܂B܂AقƂ
  ǂ SLIP T[oAdbăOC鎞ɂ̓[UƃpX[h
  ̓͂߂܂Bdip g΁Ȁł܂B

  7.5.4.  \ߌ܂ IP AhXg SLIP T[o

  \ߊ蓖ĂĂ IP AhXg^CṽT[oł́AOɐp
  IP AhXeNCAgɊ蓖ĂāAeNCAg͐ڑ̍ۂɂ
   IP AhX SLIP |[gݒ肵܂B̎ SLIP T[oł́A
  f̒MɓāA[UƃpX[h̓͂𑣂ă[UmF
  AȂp IP AhX̃f[^Oׂ͂Ă SLIP fo
  CXɑ悤ɌoHݒ肵܂B̎̃T[ogĂ
  ́ÃzXg IP AhX͗\ߌ܂Ă܂A
  /etc/hosts ɏĂƂ\łB܂ rc.inet2  host.conf,
  resolv.conf, /etc/HOSTNAME, rc.local Ȃǂʏ̃C[TlbgڑƓ
  lɐݒ肷邱Ƃł܂Brc.inet1 ݒ肷ꍇASLIP ڑpɓ
  ̃R}hݒ肷Kv͂܂Blbg[NC^[tFCX
  肷Ȃǂ̍Ƃ dip ̎dłBKvȏ dip ɗ^Adip f
  gēdbAڑmĂKvȐݒs悤ɂ
  B

  ڑ SLIP T[o̎̐ݒ̏ꍇAɁuDIP ̎gv̐߂ɐi
  ŁAdip ̐ݒ@𒲂ׂĂB

  7.5.5.  ڑ IP AhX蓖Ă^CṽT[o

  I SLIP T[oƂ́A\ߗpӂĂ镡 IP AhX̒A
  ̂тɈقȂ IP AhXNCAgɊ蓖Ă^CṽT[o
  B̏ꍇAڑ̂тɊ蓖Ă IP AhX͈قȂAȂ
  gĂAhXAOAEg͒Nʂ̐lɊ蓖Ă邱Ƃ
  Ȃ܂BSLIP T[oݒ肷lbg[N̊Ǘ҂́A\ SLIP Ŏg
  ߂ IP AhX𕡐pӂĂAVڑĂ}Vɂ
  gĂȂ IP AhX蓖Ă悤ɐݒ肵܂B̏ꍇAOC
  vZX̒ŃEFJEbZ[WƂƂɊ蓖Ă IP AhX
  A̐ڑ̊Ԃ͂ IP AhXgĒʐM܂B

  ̎̃T[ogꍇA\ IP AhX蓖Ă^CṽT[o
  ƂقړݒɂȂ܂Aڑ̓xɊ蓖Ăꂽ IP AhXg
   SLIP foCXݒ肷ƂXebv]vɕKvɂȂ܂B

  ł dip ̑ςȍƂ󂯂Ă܂B dip ̓OC
  邾łȂAEFJbZ[W̒Ɏ IPAhX
  Iɓǂ݂ŁAg SLIP foCXݒ肵Ă܂B

  ڑ SLIP T[o̎̐ݒ̏ꍇ́AuDIP ̎gv̐߂֐i
   dip ̐ݒ@oĂB

  7.5.6.  DIP ̎g

  ܂łɏqׂĂ悤ɁAdip g SLIP T[o֓dbăOC
  ƂIɂł܂BOC΁A dip ͎I
  ifconfig route R}hg SLIP foCXݒ肵܂B

  dip g߂ɂ́A`dip XNvg' Kv܂B `dip XN
  vg' ́A{I dip łR}ĥׂŁAdip Ŏ
  sR}hAǂ̂悤Ɏs邩LqĂ܂Bǂ̂悤
  ́Adip vOɕt sample.dip Bdip ͑
  ̃IvVL鋭͂ȃvOȂ̂ŁAł͂̏ڍׂɐG邱
  Ƃł܂B dip  man  READMEATvt@C𒲂ׂĂ
  B

  pbP[Wɕtsample.dip t@ĆA\ߊ蓖Ăꂽ IP Ah
  Xg悤ȐݒɂȂĂ܂BI IP AhX蓖Ă^Cv
  ̃T[ȍꍇ́AT[o蓖Ă IP AhXǂ݁AI SLIP
  foCXɐݒ肷悤ȃR}hQƂĂ (Vo[W
   dip pbP[WɓĂ܂)BȉɎTv dip337j-uri.tgz
  ɕt sample.dip ƂɏCo[WŁA̗ɐݒ肵
  ̂ł傤Bȉ̕ /etc/dipscript t@CɃZ[u
  āAg̊ɍ悤ɏCĂB

  #
  # sample.dip    Dialup IP connection support program.
  #
  #               This file (should show) shows how to use the DIP
  #       This file should work for Annex type dynamic servers, if you
  #       use a static address server then use the sample.dip file that
  #       comes as part of the dip337-uri.tgz package.
  #
  #
  # Version:      @(#)sample.dip  1.40    07/20/93
  #
  # Author:       Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
  #

  main:
  # Next, set up the other side's name and address.
  # My dialin machine is called 'xs4all.hacktic.nl' (== 193.78.33.42)
  get $remote xs4all.hacktic.nl
  # Set netmask on sl0 to 255.255.255.0
  netmask 255.255.255.0
  # Set the desired serial port and speed.
  port cua02
  speed 38400

  # Reset the modem and terminal line.
  # This seems to cause trouble for some people!
  reset

  # Note! "Standard" pre-defined "errlevel" values:
  #  0 - OK
  #  1 - CONNECT
  #  2 - ERROR
  #
  # You can change those grep'ping for "addchat()" in *.c...

  # Prepare for dialing.
  send ATQ0V1E1X4\r
  wait OK 2
  if $errlvl != 0 goto modem_trouble
  dial 555-1234567
  if $errlvl != 1 goto modem_trouble

  # We are connected.  Login to the system.
  login:
  sleep 2
  wait ogin: 20
  if $errlvl != 0 goto login_trouble
  send MYLOGIN\n
  wait ord: 20
  if $errlvl != 0 goto password_error
  send MYPASSWD\n
  loggedin:

  # We are now logged in.
  wait SOMEPROMPT 30
  if $errlvl != 0 goto prompt_error

  # Command the server into SLIP mode
  send SLIP\n
  wait SLIP 30
  if $errlvl != 0 goto prompt_error

  # Get and Set your IP address from the server.
  #   Here we assume that after commanding the SLIP server into SLIP
  #   mode that it prints your IP address
  get $locip remote 30
  if $errlvl != 0 goto prompt_error

  # Set up the SLIP operating parameters.
  get $mtu 296
  # Ensure "route add -net default xs4all.hacktic.nl" will be done
  default

  # Say hello and fire up!
  done:
  print CONNECTED $locip ---> $rmtip
  mode CSLIP
  goto exit

  prompt_error:
  print TIME-OUT waiting for sliplogin to fire up...
  goto error

  login_trouble:
  print Trouble waiting for the Login: prompt...
  goto error

  password:error:
  print Trouble waiting for the Password: prompt...
  goto error

  modem_trouble:
  print Trouble occurred with the modem...
  error:
  print CONNECT FAILED to $remote
  quit

  exit:
  exit

  L̃TvXNvgł I IP AhX蓖Ă^Cv
  SLIP T[oɐڑ悤ɐݒ肵Ă܂B\ IP AhX̕Ă
   SLIP T[oł́Adip337j-uri.tgz ɕt dsample.dip gĂ
  B

  dip  get $local R}h^΁A dip ͐ڑ悩瑗Ăe
  LXg̒ IP AhX̂悤Ɍ镶(Ⴆ `.' ŋ؂ꂽ
  )T܂B̏ĆAI IP AhX蓖Ă^Cv
  SLIP T[opŁAT[o^ IP AhXǂݎߒ
  ł܂B

  L̗ł́AI SLIP ڑftHǧoHɎw肵܂B
  ethenet lbg[NɐڑĂāAftHǧoH͂ɂ
  ȏꍇɂ́AL̃XNvg default w肵Ăs폜
  B̃XNvgIĂ ifconfig R}hg sl0
  foCXłĂ邱ƂmF܂Bꂪ SLIP foCXłBKv
  ΁Adip R}hIĂ ifocnfig  route R}hgĎ
  Őݒ肵ĂB

  dip ł mode R}hgāÃvgR̒gׂvg
  Rwł܂BƂ悭gĂvgR SLIP Ɉk@
  \gݍ cSLIP łBڑ̗[vgRgKv
  ̂ŁAT[ȏI񂾃vgRƓ̂gĂ邩mFĂ
  B

  L̃XNvg͂ẴG[ɂ͑ς悤ɊɍĂ
  ܂Bڂ dip  man y[WBHv
  ΁Aݒ肵ԓɃT[o֐ڑłȂΎIɃ_CAA
  ̃T[oɎĂ݂悤ȋ@\gݍނƂ\łB

  7.5.7.  p slattach gčPvI SLIP ڑs@

  2 ̃}VVAP[ułȂłA2 ̃}Vp
  펞ڑĂVAŐڑĂ悤ȊȂ΁AVA
  ݒ肷邽߂ dip gKv͂܂B̂悤Ȑڑ̐ݒ
  ́A藘p̊ȒP slattach ̋@\ŏ\łB

  p̏ꍇANɎs rc.inet1 ŕKvȐݒŝ
  ł傤Bۂ̂ƂAKvȂ̂̓VAfoCX𐳂Xs[hɐ
  肵āASLIP [hɕύX邾łBslattach g΁A̍Ƃ͈
  ̃R}hŎł܂Bȉ̃R}h rc.inet1 t@Cɒǉ
  ĂB

               #
               # Attach a leased line static SLIP connection
               #
               #  configure /dev/cua0 for 19.2kbps and cslip
               /sbin/slattach -p cslip -s 19200 /dev/cua0 &
               /sbin/ifconfig sl0 IPA.IPA.IPA.IPA pointopoint IPR.IPR.IPR.IPR up
               #
               # End static SLIP.

  ŁA

     IPA.IPA.IPA.IPA
        ́AȂ̃}V IP AhXŁA

     IPR.IPR.IPR.IPR
        ڑ̃}V IP AhXłB

  slattach ͎w肵VAfoCXɋ󂢂Ăŏ SLIP foCX
  蓖Ă܂Bslattach ̊蓖ĂfoCX sl0 n܂AɊ
  蓖ĂfoCX sl1Â悤ɂȂ܂B

  slattach  -p w肷΁AقȂvgRݒ\łB
  @\gāAk̗Lɂ SLIP  cSLIP gꍇ悭
  ܂BӁFk̗L͐ڑ̗[œݒɂKv܂B

  7.6.  SLIP T[o

  C^[lbgȂǂ̃lbg[Nɐڑ}VAdboR
  ڑĂ̐lɊẽT[rX񋟂ꍇAȂ̃}VT
  [oƂĐݒ肷Kv܂Bڑ̂߂̃VÃvgR
   SLIP gꍇAݒ̎dɂ 3 ނ̕@܂Bꂼ
  ̕@ȉɎ܂ÂE߂͍ŏ sliplogin g@
  B̕@ԐݒȒPłBł̕@ɂĂ
  ̂ŁAǂg͌䎩ŔfĂB

  7.6.1.  sliplogin  g SLIP T[o̐ݒ

  sliplogin ͒ʏ login VF̑Ɏg SLIP [Up̃vO
  ŁA[̉ SLIP [hɕύX܂Bsliplogin g΁A Linux
  }VÓIAhXT[oɂIAhXT[oɂݒł܂BO
  ͗\߃[UƂɊ蓖ĂĂ IP AhXgA҂ł͗\ߗp
  Ă IP AhX̒ڑ̓x IP AhX蓖Ă邱Ƃ
  Ȃ܂B

  ڑߒ͒ʏ̃OCvZXƂقړŁA܂[UƃpX[h
  KvłBȂǍ̓OCVFɐ
  t@C(/etc/slip.hosts)ɋLqꂽOCɏ] sliplogin 
  s܂Bݒt@C̃[UmF΁A 8 rbg
  ׂĂʉ߂悤ɐݒ肵āAioctl R[gĉ SLIP [h
  ύX܂B̉ߒIAݒ̍ŏIiKւƐi݂܂B
  sliplogin ̓VFXNvgNāAw肵 IP AhXlbg}
  XNɏ] SLIP foCXݒ肵AK؂ȌoH`܂B̂߂
  XNvg͒ʏ /etc/slip.login ƌĂ΂Ă܂Agetty ̂悤Ƀ
  [UƂɐݒ肷邱ƂłÂ悤ȏꍇ
  /etc/slip.login.loginame Ƀ[UƂ̐ݒXNvgpӂ܂B

  sliplogin g߂ɂ͐ݒt@CKvłBȉɁA
  ǂ肵Ăǂ̂悤ɐݒ肷邩܂BKvȃt@C͈
  ̒ʂł:

  o  /etc/passwd ͓dboRŐڑĂ郆[ŨAJEgݒ肵
     B /etc/slip.hosts ɂ́Aꂼ̃[UƂ̏ݒ肵܂B

  o  /etc/slip.login ɂ́A[Uɑ΂čsKvoH̐ݒ
     s܂B

  o  /etc/slip.tty ́AuI IP AhX蓖āvp̃T[oݒ肷
     ꍇɌĕKvƂȂt@CŁA蓖ĂAhX̕\ɂȂ
     ܂B

  o  /etc/slip.logout ɂ́A[Uڑ؂胍OAEgۂ̌n
     ̂߂̃R}hݒ肵܂B

  7.6.1.1.  sliplogin  ̓

  łɃfBXgr[V̈ꕔƂ sliplogin CXg[ς
  ܂񂪁AłȂ metalab.unc.edu
  <ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/linux/system/Network/serial/sliplogin-2.1.1.tar.gz>
  ł܂B tar t@Cɂ́A\[XƃRpCς݂̃oC
  iAman y[WĂ܂B

  sliplogin sł̂́Ǎ[UȂ̂ŁAȉ̂
  ȃGg/etc/group t@Cɓo^Kv܂B

        ..
       slip::13:radio,fred
        ..

  sliplogin pbP[WCXg[΁AMakefile I
  sliplogin ̃O[v slipɂÃO[vɑ郆[U
  sliplogin vOsł悤ɂȂ܂B̗ł radio 
  fred ݂̂ sliplogin sł܂B

  KvȃoCi/sbin fBNgɃCXg[A many[W man
  y[W 8 ͂ɓo^ĂBȉ̂悤ɂ܂B

  # cd /usr/src
  # gzip -dc .../sliplogin-2.1.1.tar.gz | tar xvf -
  # cd sliplogin-2.1.1
  # < shadow pX[hgȂꍇ Makefile ҏWĂ >
  # make install

  CXg[OɎŃvOăRpCꍇAmake install
  ̑O make clean ĂBǂʂ̃fBNgɃCXg[
  ꍇ Makefile  install ̎wύX܂B

  ڂ́ApbP[Wɕt README t@CB

  7.6.1.2.  SLIP zXgp /etc/passwd

  ʏASLIP ŐڑĂlɓʂ̃Gg /etc/passwd ɗpӂ
  Kv܂B悭sȂĂ̂́AڑĂzXg̓ɑ
   `S' tēo^@łBЉ̏ꍇA radio p
  ͈ȉ̂悤 /etc/passwd Ggǉ܂:

       Sradio:FvKurok73:1427:1:radio SLIP login:/tmp:/sbin/sliplogin

  ۂɂ̓AJEgɂ͓ɈӖ̂ŁAɂƂĕ₷O
  tĂ܂܂B

  : dbĂl̓VFg킯ł͂Ȃ̂ŁAp̃z[
  fBNgpӂKv͂܂B/tmp w肵Ă΂
  ł傤B܂Aʏ̃OCVF̑ sliplogin w肵
  邱ƂɒӂĂB

  7.6.1.3.  /etc/slip.hosts  ̐ݒ

  /etc/slip.hosts t@ĆAsliplogin `FbNt@CŁAdb
  Ăl̃OCƕKvȐݒo^Ă܂BIP AhX
  lbg}XN̐ݒ̂̃t@CɂȂ܂BȉɎł 2
  ̃GgAradio ɂ͗\ IP AhX蓖āAalbert ɂ
  I IP AhX肠Ă܂B

       #
       Sradio   44.136.8.99   44.136.8.100  255.255.255.0  normal      -1
       Salbert  44.136.8.99   DYNAMIC       255.255.255.0  compressed  60
       #

  /etc/slip.hosts t@C̃GgȉɎ܂:

  1. dbĂl̃OC

  2. T[o[}VAȂ킿̃}V IP AhX

  3. dbĂzXgɊ蓖Ă IP AhXB̗ DYNAMIC 
     ȂĂ΁Aq /etc/slip.tty t@Cɂɏ] IP
     AhX蓖Ă܂B: ̋@\gɂ́AŒło[W
      1.3 ȏ sliplogin KvłB

  4. dbĂ}Vɐݒ肷lbg}XŃANX C ̏ꍇ
     255.255.255.0 ̂悤ɁAhbgŋ؂ 10 i\LŎw肵܂B

  5. k₻̑ slip ̋@\L/ɂ slip [h̐ݒłB
     włl "normal" ܂ "compressed" łB

  6. timeout p[^Ŏw肵Ԉȏf[^ÔƂ肪
     AIɐڑ؂܂B̒lw肷 timeout @\͖
     Ȃ܂B

  7. ȗ\ȈB

  : 2 ߂ 3 ߂̗ɂ́AzXgłhbg؂ 10 i\L IP
  AhXłw\łBzXgw肵ꍇÃzXg IP A
  hXɕϊłȂ΂Ȃ܂BϊłȂꍇAXNvgُ͈
  I܂BzXg IP AhXɕϊł邩ǂ𒲂ׂ
  ́ÃzXgɑ΂ telnet Ă݂̂ł傤B Trying
  nnn.nnn.nnn... ƂbZ[Wo΁Ã}Vł͎w肵zXg
   IP AhXɕϊłĂ܂B`Unknown host' ƂbZ[W
  oꍇ͕ϊłĂ܂BϊłȂꍇ̓hbg؂ 10 i\L
  gA]o̐ݒC܂傤 (ڂ Ỏ(Name
  resolution) ̐߂QƂĂ)B

  slip ł悭g[h͈ȉ 2 ł:

     normal
        ʏ̔񈳏k SLIP

     compressed
        van Jacobsen ̃wb_k\ɂ郂[h(cSLIP)

  ʏ킱͔rIȂ̂ŁAǂ炩݂̂w肵܂B̑w\
  ȃIvVɂĂ man y[WQƂĂB

  7.6.1.4.  /etc/slip.login  t@C̐ݒ

  sliplogin  /etc/slip.hosts t@C𒲂ׂʁAdbĂ}
  V΁A IP AhXƃlbg}XNg
  /etc/slip.login XNvgsA SLIP C^[tFCXۂɐݒ
  ܂B

  sliplogin pbP[WƋɔzzĂTv /etc/slip.login
  t@C͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂĂ܂:

  #!/bin/sh -
  #
  #       @(#)slip.login  5.1 (Berkeley) 7/1/90
  #
  # generic login file for a SLIP line.  sliplogin invokes this with
  # the parameters:
  #     $1       $2       $3    $4, $5, $6 ...
  #   SLIPunit ttyspeed   pid   the arguments from the slip.host entry
  #
  /sbin/ifconfig $1 $5 pointopoint $6 mtu 1500 -trailers up
  /sbin/route add $6
  arp -s $6 <hw_addr> pub
  exit 0
  #

  CÂ̂悤ɁÃXNvgł ifconfig  route gĎ
  IP AhXƐڑ IP AhXAlbg}XNݒ肵ASLIP foCX
  gĐڑւ̌oHݒ肵Ă邾łBKvȐݒ slattach R
  }hŐݒ肷邱Ƃł܂B

  T[o}VƓC[TlbgɂzXgAdboRĐڑ
  ĂĂzXg֐ڑ邽߂ɁAarp R}hő㗝 ARP(Proxy ARP)
  ݒ肵Ă邱ƂɂӂĂB <hw_addr>́Ã}ṼC[
  TlbgJ[h̃n[hEFAAhXw肵܂BC[Tlbg̃lbg
  [NɐڑĂȂT[ȍꍇ͂̍sw肷Kv͂܂B

  7.6.1.5.  /etc/slip.logout  t@C̐ݒ

  ڑ؂ꂽꍇAVAfoCX̏Ԃɖ߂āAēxdb󂯂
  悤ɐݒ肵Ă܂傤B̂߂Ɏĝ /etc/slip.logout
  t@CłB̃t@C̍\͂PŁA /etc/slip.login t@C
  Ɠ܂B

               #!/bin/sh -
               #
               #               slip.logout
               #
               /sbin/ifconfig $1 down
               arp -d $6
               exit 0
               #

  ̃XNvgĂ̂̓C^[tFCX `down' āAȑO
  o^ꂽoH폜邾łB arp R}hŐݒ肵Ă
   ARP 폜܂B̍ƂT[o}VC[TlbgɐڑĂ
  Ȃꍇ͕Kv܂B

  7.6.1.6.  /etc/slip.tty  t@C ̐ݒ

  I IP AhX蓖Ăꍇ(Ȃ킿 /etc/slip.hosts  DYNAMIC
  ƂL[[hw肵Ggꍇ)A蓖Ă|[gp
  IP AhXo^邽߂ /etc/slip.tty t@Cݒ肵Ȃ΂Ȃ
  ܂BÃt@CKvɂȂ̂́A[Uւ̃AhX蓖
  ĂT[oɓIɍs킹ꍇłB

  ̃t@C SLIP ڑ󂯂 tty foCX̃XgɂȂĂ
  Aꂼ̃|[gɐڑĂ[UɊ蓖Ă IP AhXo^
  Ă܂B

  ̃t@C̃tH[}bg͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂĂ܂:

       # slip.tty    tty -> IP address mappings for dynamic SLIP
       # format: /dev/tty?? xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
       #
       /dev/ttyS0      192.168.0.100
       /dev/ttyS1      192.168.0.101
       #

  ̗ł /dev/ttyS0 ɐڑĂ /etc/slip.hosts t@C̃[
  gAhX DYNAMIC Ǝw肵ĂzXg 192.168.0.100  IP Ah
  X蓖Ă܂B

  ̂悤ɁAŗL̃AhX̕svȃ[Uɂ̓|[gƂɊ蓖ĂAh
  XgƂ\łB̋@\gΕKv IP AhX͏Ȃ
  ς݂܂B

  7.6.2.  dip  g SLIP T[o

  ȉɐ̂ dip  man y[WpƂŏ
  ɔ󂵂Ă܂B man y[Wł Linux  SLIP T[oɂ@
  ɂĊȒPɏЉĂ܂B܂Aȉ̋Lq dip337o-uri.tgz
  pbP[Wp̂̂ŁȂ̃o[W dip ɂ͓Ă͂܂Ȃ
  ̂Ō䒍ӂB

  dip ɂ input [h삪܂Bł͋N[ŨGg
  pA /etc/diphosts t@C̐ݒɏ]ĎIɃVA
  SLIP ڑƂĐݒ肵܂B̃[hɓɂ́A dip  diplogin Ƃ
  OŋN܂B̋@\g dip g SLIP T[o\z
  ܂B̍ۂɂ̓OCVF diplogin pʂȃAJEg
  pӂ܂B

  ̕@gꍇA܂ȉ̂悤ɃV{bNNݒ肵܂:

       # ln -sf /usr/sbin/dip /usr/sbin/diplogin

   /etc/passwd  /etc/diphosts t@C̑oɕKvȃGgǉ
  ܂BKvȃGǧ`ȉɎ܂:

  dip g SLIP T[oꍇAdip (input [h)OCVF
  ƂĎg߂̓ʂ̐ݒ肪KvɂȂ܂BSLIP p̃AJEg
  ́A啶 `S' 𓪂ɕt `Sfredm' Ȃǂĝł傤B

  SLIP [Up /etc/passwd t@C̃Gg̗͈ȉ̂悤ɂȂ
  :

  Sfredm:ij/SMxiTlGVCo:1004:10:Fred:/tmp:/usr/sbin/diplogin
  ^^         ^^        ^^  ^^   ^^   ^^   ^^
  |          |         |   |    |    |    \__ diplogin OCVF
  |          |         |   |    |    \_______ z[fBNg
  |          |         |   |    \____________ [U
  |          |         |   \_________________ [ŨO[v ID
  |          |         \_____________________ [U ID
  |          \_______________________________ ÍpX[h
  \__________________________________________ SLIP g[U

  [UOCAlogin [UmFA diplogin R}h
  s܂Bdip  diplogin ƂR}hŋNƁAIɃ
  OCVFƂċ@\܂Bdiplogin ́A܂ getuid() t@NV
  R[gĎN[Ũ[U ID 𒲂ׂ܂B
  A/etc/diphosts t@C̍ŏ̃GgāÃ[U ID ڑ
  foCX tty 𒲂ׁA̐ݒɏ]ēK؂Ȑݒs
  Bdiphosts Ƀ[ŨGg邩AT[õftHg̐ݒ
  gāA[UƂɐÓI IP AhX̊蓖ĂƓIȊ蓖Ă
  悤ȕ@邩͔fɂ܂܂B

  dip R}h input [hŋN΁AIɁu㗝 ARPṽG
  gǉ̂ŁAarp R}h蓮ŎsKv͂܂B

  7.6.2.1.  /etc/diphosts  ̐ݒ

  /etc/diphosts  dip pt@CŁA[gzXg̐ݒO
  ĂɏĂ܂B̃t@Cɐݒ肷郊[gzXg͓db
  ĐڑĂ郆[U[̃}V̏ꍇ΁AȂ Linux }V
  pĐڑ̃zXg̏ꍇ܂B

  /etc/diphosts ̈ʓIȏ͈ȉ̒ʂł:

        ..
       Suwalt::145.71.34.1:145.71.34.2:255.255.255.0:SLIP uwalt:CSLIP,1006
       ttyS1::145.71.34.3:145.71.34.2:255.255.255.0:Dynamic ttyS1:CSLIP,296
        ..

  ëӖ͈ȉ̒ʂł:

  1. OC:  getpwuid(getuid()) œ閼O tty g
     B

  2. gp: passwd Ƃ̌݊̂߂̃tB[hłB

  3. [gAhX: ڑ̃zXg IP AhX𐔎OŎw肵
     ܂B

  4. [JAhX: ̃}V IP AhXłBO
     w肵܂B

  5. lbg}XNk: hbg؂ 10 i\LŋLq܂B

  6. Rg: Ă\܂B

  7. vgR: SLIP, CSLIP B

  8. MTU: 10i\L

  SLIP ŃANZXĂlp /etc/net/diphosts ̃Gg̗͈ȉ
  悤ɂȂ܂:

       Sfredm::145.71.34.1:145.71.34.2:255.255.255.0:SLIP uwalt:SLIP,296

  ̗ł́A[g̃AhX 145.71.34.1AMTU  296 ł SLIP
  ڑw肵Ă܂B

       Sfredm::145.71.34.1:145.71.34.2:255.255.255.0:SLIP uwalt:CSLIP,1006

  ܂A̗ł̓[gAhX 145.71.34.1AMTU  1006 ł
  cSLIP Ήڑw肵Ă܂B

  ̂悤ɁA\ߊ蓖Ă IP AhXgĐڑĂ郆[Up
  ɂ /etc/diphosts ɃGg݂ĂKv܂B܂A
  |[gɃANZX[USĂɓ IP AhX蓖Ă悤Ȑݒ
  ̏ꍇ tty foCX̃GgpӂāA[ŨGg͍
  BȂƂAǂ̃fɓĂK؂Ȑݒ肪s悤ɁA
   tty foCXƂ̐ݒ͂ĂƂYȂB

  [UOCĂ΁Aʏ̃OCƃpX[h̓̓vv
  g\܂B̃vvgɑ΂ SLIP OCp̃[Uƃp
  X[h͂܂B炪ΓɃbZ[W͕\ꂸA
  Iɐڑ[ SLIP [hɕύX܂BƁA[Uڑ\ɂ
  A diphosts t@C̎wɏ]Đݒ肳悤ɂȂ͂łB

  7.6.3.  dSLIP  pbP[Wg SLIP T[o

  Matt Dillon <dillon@apollo.west.oic.com> ́A SLIP ̒M݂̂Ȃ炸A
  MɂgpbP[W܂Bނ̃pbP[Wł́AȃvO
  ƃXNvgW܂ĕKvȐݒs܂BXNvg̈
  tcsh ĝŁÃpbP[Wgɂ tcsh CXg[Kv
  ܂B܂ Matt ́AXNvg̈ŕKvƂȂ expect ̃oCi
  pbP[WzzĂ܂B̃pbP[WgȂɂ expect 
  goƂł傤AƂČ㍞݂邱Ƃ͂
  B

  ̃pbP[Wɂ́AMatt ڂ README t@CtĂ
  ̂ŁAł͂JԂƂ͂܂B

  dSLIP pbP[W͈ȉ̃TCgł܂B

  apollo.west.oic.com

       /pub/linux/dillon_src/dSLIP203.tgz

  邢́Aȉ̃TCgł܂B

  metalab.unc.edu

       /pub/Linux/system/Network/serial/dSLIP203.tgz

  make install O README t@CǂŁAK؂ /etc/passwd 
  /etc/group Gg邱ƂYȂB

  8.  ̑̃lbg[NZp

  ȉ̊e߂ł͓̃lbg[NZp܂Bꂼ̐߂͓Ɨ
  Ă̂ŁA߂ǂނ̂ɕʂ̐߂͓̏ɕKv܂Bb̓A
  t@xbgɕׂĂ܂B

  8.1.  ARCNet

  ARCNet ̃foCX `arc0e', `arc1e', `arc2e' 邢 `arc0s',
  `arc1e', arc2e' ̂悤ɂȂ܂BŏɌoꂽJ[h `arc0e' 
   `arc0s' ŁAȍ~͌oꂽɔԍU܂BfoCX
  ̍Ō s  e ̓pPbgC[TlbgɃJvZ邩A RFC1051
  ̌`ɂ邩܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                   [*] Network device support
                   <*> ARCnet support
                   [ ]   Enable arc0e (ARCnet "Ether-Encap" packet format)
                   [ ]   Enable arc0s (ARCnet RFC1051 packet format)

  ARCnet J[hT|[g悤ɃJ[l쐬΁AJ[h̐ݒ
  ȒPłB

  ʏ͈ȉ̂悤ɐݒ肵܂:

               root# ifconfig arc0e 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
               root# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 arc0e

  ڍׂɂĂ /usr/src/linux/Documentation/networking/arcnet.txt 
  /usr/src/linux/Documentation/networking/arcnet-hardware.txt 
  B

  ARCNet ̋@\ Avery Pennarrun apenwarr@foxnet.net J܂B

  8.2.  Appletalk ( AF_APPLETALK )

  Appletalk @\͊̃lbg[NfoCXĝœʂ̃foCX
  svłB

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   <*> Appletalk DDP

  Appletalk @\g΁ALinux  Apple ̃lbg[NƋAv
  ^fBXNƂ\[X Linux  Apple ̃Rs[^̊Ԃ
  Lł܂B̋@\gɂ netatalk ƌĂ΂\tgʓrKv
  B~VKw `Research System Unix Group' Ƃ`[𗦂Ă
   Wesley Craig netatalk@umich.edu A Appletalk ̃vgRX^bN
  Ƃ̑LvȃvO܂Ƃ߂ netatalk ƌĂ΂vOJ
  ܂B netatalk pbP[W Linux ̔zzpbP[WɊ܂܂Ă
  ܂񂵁AȂ΃~VKw
  <ftp://terminator.rs.itd.umich.edu/unix/netatalk/>  FTP œł
  ܂B

  ̃pbP[WRpCăCXg[ɂ͈ȉ̂悤ɂ܂B

               user% tar xvfz .../netatalk-1.4b2.tar.Z
               user% make
               root# make install

  ۂ make să\tgEFARpCOɁA `Makefile' 
  ҏWƂ悢ł傤BɁAŃt@CQCXg[
  `ϐł DESTDIR ͕ύXĂ܂傤BftHgl
  /usr/local/atalk ł\SłB

  8.2.1.  Appletalk p\tgEFA̐ݒ

  Appletalk 𓮍삳邽߂ɂ܂Ȃ΂ȂȂƂ́A
  /etc/services ɓK؂Ȑݒ肪邩ǂm߂邱ƂłBKvȃG
  g͈ȉ̒ʂł:

         rtmp  1/ddp   # Routing Table Maintenance Protocol
         nbp   2/ddp   # Name Binding Protocol
         echo  4/ddp   # AppleTalk Echo Protocol
         zip   6/ddp   # Zone Information Protocol

   /usr/local/atalk/etc fBNg(܂̓pbP[W̃CXg[
  ̃fBNg) Appletalk ̐ݒt@C܂B

  ŏɍ쐬ׂt@C /usr/local/atalk/etc/atalkd.conf łB
  t@Cɂ Apple ̃}Ṽlbg[NڑĂlbg[Nf
  oCX݂̂o^Ă܂B

         eth0

  Appletalk f[vOsƁÃt@Cɐݒ񂪒
  ܂B

  8.2.2.  Linux ̃t@CVXe Appletalk oRŒ񋟂@

  Linux }Ṽt@CVXe񋟂āAlbg[N Apple ̃}
  Vg܂B

  ̂߂ɂ /usr/local/atalk/etc/AppleVolumes.system t@C쐬
  ܂BA /usr/local/atalk/etc/AppleVolumes.default Ƃt@
  CÃt@C AppleVolumes.system ƑS`ŁAQX
  gAJEgłpłt@CVXeݒ肵܂B

  ̃t@Cݒ肷ڂ@ẽIvVɂĂ afpd
   man y[WB

  ȉɊȒPȗ܂:

         /tmp Scratch
         /home/ftp/pub "Public Area"

  ̗ł /tmp t@CVXe `Scratch' ƂŁA ftp 
  public fBNg `Public Area' ƂŁAꂼ AppleShare 
  񋟂Ă܂B`Scratch'  `Public Area' Ƃ{[͕K{
  ł͂ȂAw肵Ȃ΃f[IɖĂ܂AtĂ
  Ă͂܂B

  8.2.3.  AppleTalk oRł Linux ̃v^̋L

  Linux }Vɐڑꂽv^ Apple ̃}VƋL̂ȒP
  ŁAAppleTalk ̃v^EANZXEvgREf[ papd g
  B̃vÓAApple }ṼvgNGXg󂯂
  Xv[Alpr f[ɓn Linux }Ṽv^ɏo͂܂B

  papd ̐ݒɂ /usr/local/atalk/etc/papd.conf t@Cg܂B
  ̃t@C̏ /etc/printcap t@CƓŁAo^v^
   Appletalk ̖vgR NBP g Appletalk ɐݒ肳
  B

  papd.conf ̐ݒȉɎ܂:

         TricWriter:\
            :pr=lp:op=cg:

  ̐ݒ `TricWriter' Ƃv^ Appletalk ɐݒ肳A
  ̃v^ɑꂽo͂ lpd g Linux  `lp' v
  ^(/etc/printcap t@CŐݒ肳Ă lp v^ł)ɏo͂
  B `op=cg' ̎w Linux }Ṽ[U `cg' v^̎gp҂ɂ
  邱ƂӖ܂B

  8.2.4.  appletalk \tgEFA̋N

  ĈȏŁÅ{IȐݒł܂Bnetatalk pbP[
  Wɂ rc.atalk t@C܂܂Ă܂̂ŁA netatalk Nɂ
  ȉ̂悤ɂ܂B

               root# /usr/local/atalk/etc/rc.atalk

  ŕKvȃf[ނSċN͂łBG[oȂ΁A\t
  gEFA̓R\[ɂꂼ̒iK̃bZ[WĂ͂łB

  8.2.5.  appletalk \tgEFÃeXg

  netatalk @\Ă邩mFɂ́AApple ̃}Vg
  āAAbvj[uZN^vIсAAppleShare NbN
  Linux }V\邩ǂm߂܂B

  8.2.6.  netatalk ̒ӓ_

  o  ꍇɂẮAIP lbg[Nݒ肷ȑO Appletalk @\N
     Ȃ΂Ȃ܂Bnetatalk NȂA
     netatalk N IP lbg[NɃgu肷ꍇA
     netatalk  /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 ȑOɋNĂB

  o  afpd(Apple Filing Protocol Daemon) HDD ЂǂU炩܂B}E
     g|Cg̉ɂ́A.AppleDesktop  Network Trash Folder Ƃ
     t@C܂BɁAANZXSẴfBNg
     ̓\[XtH[Nۑ邽߂ .AppleDouble ܂B
     A/  afpd ŌJOɂ͂ꂮ悭lĂB
     ȂƑςȎԂČnHڂɂȂĂ܂܂B

  o  afpd Mac ɑ΂ĕ̃pX[h߂܂B̓ZLeBI
     ɂ͖Ȃ̂ŁAafpd C^[lbg̊Olbg[Nɐڑ
     }VŋNۂɂ͏\ӂĂBȂƁANl
     ɔQ^Č邱ƂɂȂ邩܂B

  o  netstat  ifconfig Ƃ̃lbg[Nffc[
     AppleTalk T|[gĂ܂BKvȂ /proc/net/ ȉ̃fB
     NgɗpӂĂ𒲂ׂĂB

  8.2.7.  ɏڂɂ

  Linux  AppleTalk ݒ肷@̂ڂɂĂ
  thehamptons.com <http://thehamptons.com/anders/netatalk/> ŌJ
   Anders Brownworth  Linux Netatalk-HOWTO QƂĂB

  8.3.  ATM

  Werner Almesberber <werner.almesberger@lrc.di.epfl.ch>  Linux 
  ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode)T|[g邽߂̌v𓝊Ă
  B̌v̌ lrcwww.epfl.ch <http://lrcwww.epfl.ch/linux-atm/>
  Ō邱Ƃł܂B

  8.4.  AX25 ( AF_AX25 )

  AX.25 foCX̖̂ 2.0.* J[lł `sl0'  `sl1' łA2.1.*
  J[lł `ax0'  `ax1' ɂȂĂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] Amateur Radio AX.25 Level 2

  AX25  Netrom, Rose vgRɂĂ AX25-HOWTO <AX25-HOWTO.html>
  ɏڂĂ܂B̃vgR̓pPbgʐM̎ŐE
  ̃A}`ÃIy[^ɎgĂ܂B

  ̃vgR̂قƂǂ Jonathon Naylor jsn@cs.not.ac.uk 
  ܂B

  8.5.  DECNet

  DECNet ̃T|[g݊JłB 2.1.* V[YŌJ
  łB

  8.6.  FDDI

  FDDI ̃foCX `fddi0'A`fddi1'A `fddi2' ȂǂɂȂ܂BJ[l
  oŏ̃J[h `fddi0' ŁǍ͌oɔԍU
  Ă܂B

  Larry Stefani lstefani@ultranet.com  DEC  EISA oX PCI oX
  FDDI J[hp̃hCoJ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

          Network device support  --->
              [*] FDDI driver support
              [*] Digital DEFEA and DEFPA adapter support

  FDDI hCogݍ񂾃J[l\z΁AFDDI C^[tFCX
  ݒ̓C[TlbgC^[tFCX̐ݒƂقړłBK؂ FDDI C
  ^[tFCX̖̂w肵 ifconfig  route R}hŐݒ肵
  B

  8.7.  t[[

  t[[̃foCX̂ADLCI ɃJvZfoCX
  `dlci00', `dlci01' ɂȂAFRAD ̃foCX `sdla0', `sdla1 
  Ȃ܂B

  t[[͐Vlbg[NZpŁAu˔Ivɖcȃf[^]
  N悤Ȏނ̒ʐMɐ݌vĂ܂Bt[[lbg
  [Nɐڑɂ̓t[[EANZXEfoCX(FRAD : Frame
  Relay Access Device)g܂BLinux ł RFC-1490 ɒ`ĂA
  t[[ IP ڑ悹@\T|[gĂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                   <*> Frame relay DLCI support (EXPERIMENTAL)
                   (24)   Max open DLCI
                   (8)   Max DLCI per device
                   <*>   SDLA (Sangoma S502/S508) support

  t[[ΉƐݒpc[ Mike McLagan mike.mclagan@linux.org
  J܂B

  ݃T|[gĂ FRAD  Sangoma Technologies
  <http://www.sangoma.com/>  S502A, S502E, S508 łB

  J[lɕKvȋ@\gݍōč\zA FRAD  DLCI foCX
  ݒ肷ɂ́At[[ݒpvOKvɂȂ܂B
  ftp.invlogic.com <ftp://ftp.invlogic.com/pub/linux/fr/frad-0.15.tgz>
  ł܂B̃vORpCăCXg[̂͊
  PłA匳 Makefile ߂Ɏ蓮łƂȂ肠܂B

               user% tar xvfz .../frad-0.15.tgz
               user% cd frad-0.15
               user% for i in common dlci frad; make -C $i clean; make -C $i; done
               root# mkdir /etc/frad
               root# install -m 644 -o root -g root bin/*.sfm /etc/frad
               root# install -m 700 -o root -g root frad/fradcfg /sbin
               rppt# install -m 700 -o root -g root dlci/dlcicfg /sbin

  L̃R}h sh ̋L@gĂ̂ŒӂĂB sh nł
   csh ñVF(tcsh )gĂꍇ́A for [v̏
  Ȃ܂B

  Kvȃt@CCXg[A/etc/frad/router.conf t@C
  Kv܂BȉɁAƂĕtĂt@C𑽏C
  𐗌^ƂďЉ܂B

  # /etc/frad/router.conf
  # This is a template configuration for frame relay.
  # All tags are included. The default values are based on the code
  # supplied with the DOS drivers for the Sangoma S502A card.
  #
  # A '#' anywhere in a line constitutes a comment
  # Blanks are ignored (you can indent with tabs too)
  # Unknown [] entries and unknown keys are ignored
  #

  [Devices]
  Count=1                 # number of devices to configure
  Dev_1=sdla0             # the name of a device
  #Dev_2=sdla1            # the name of a device

  # Specified here, these are applied to all devices and can be overridden for
  # each individual board.
  #
  Access=CPE
  Clock=Internal
  KBaud=64
  Flags=TX
  #
  # MTU=1500              # Maximum transmit IFrame length, default is 4096
  # T391=10               # T391 value    5 - 30, default is 10
  # T392=15               # T392 value    5 - 30, default is 15
  # N391=6                # N391 value    1 - 255, default is 6
  # N392=3                # N392 value    1 - 10, default is 3
  # N393=4                # N393 value    1 - 10, default is 4

  # Specified here, these set the defaults for all boards
  # CIRfwd=16             # CIR forward   1 - 64
  # Bc_fwd=16             # Bc forward    1 - 512
  # Be_fwd=0              # Be forward    0 - 511
  # CIRbak=16             # CIR backward  1 - 64
  # Bc_bak=16             # Bc backward   1 - 512
  # Be_bak=0              # Be backward   0 - 511

  #
  #
  # Device specific configuration
  #
  #

  #
  # The first device is a Sangoma S502E
  #
  [sdla0]
  Type=Sangoma            # Type of the device to configure, currently only
                          # SANGOMA is recognized
  #
  # These keys are specific to the 'Sangoma' type
  #
  # The type of Sangoma board - S502A, S502E, S508
  Board=S502E
  #
  # The name of the test firmware for the Sangoma board
  # Testware=/usr/src/frad-0.10/bin/sdla_tst.502
  #
  # The name of the FR firmware
  # Firmware=/usr/src/frad-0.10/bin/frm_rel.502
  #
  Port=360                # Port for this particular card
  Mem=C8                  # Address of memory window, A0-EE, depending on card
  IRQ=5                   # IRQ number, do not supply for S502A
  DLCIs=1                 # Number of DLCI's attached to this device
  DLCI_1=16               # DLCI #1's number, 16 - 991
  # DLCI_2=17
  # DLCI_3=18
  # DLCI_4=19
  # DLCI_5=20
  #
  # Specified here, these apply to this device only,
  # and override defaults from above
  #
  # Access=CPE            # CPE or NODE, default is CPE
  # Flags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames,DropAborted,Stats,MCI,AutoDLCI
  # Clock=Internal        # External or Internal, default is Internal
  # Baud=128              # Specified baud rate of attached CSU/DSU
  # MTU=2048              # Maximum transmit IFrame length, default is 4096
  # T391=10               # T391 value    5 - 30, default is 10
  # T392=15               # T392 value    5 - 30, default is 15
  # N391=6                # N391 value    1 - 255, default is 6
  # N392=3                # N392 value    1 - 10, default is 3
  # N393=4                # N393 value    1 - 10, default is 4

  #
  # The second device is some other card
  #
  # [sdla1]
  # Type=FancyCard        # Type of the device to configure.
  # Board=                # Type of Sangoma board
  # Key=Value             # values specific to this type of device

  #
  # DLCI Default configuration parameters
  # These may be overridden in the DLCI specific configurations
  #
  CIRfwd=64               # CIR forward   1 - 64
  # Bc_fwd=16             # Bc forward    1 - 512
  # Be_fwd=0              # Be forward    0 - 511
  # CIRbak=16             # CIR backward  1 - 64
  # Bc_bak=16             # Bc backward   1 - 512
  # Be_bak=0              # Be backward   0 - 511

  #
  # DLCI Configuration
  # These are all optional. The naming convention is
  # [DLCI_D<devicenum>_<DLCI_Num>]
  #

  [DLCI_D1_16]
  # IP=
  # Net=
  # Mask=
  # Flags defined by Sangoma: TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
  # DLCIFlags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
  # CIRfwd=64
  # Bc_fwd=512
  # Be_fwd=0
  # CIRbak=64
  # Bc_bak=512
  # Be_bak=0

  [DLCI_D2_16]
  # IP=
  # Net=
  # Mask=
  # Flags defined by Sangoma: TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
  # DLCIFlags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
  # CIRfwd=16
  # Bc_fwd=16
  # Be_fwd=0
  # CIRbak=16
  # Bc_bak=16
  # Be_bak=0

  /etc/frad/router.conf t@Cݒł΁AcƂ͎ۂ̃foCX
  ݒ肷邾łB͒ʏ̃lbg[NfoCX̐ݒ
  GȂłADLCI JvZfoCXȑO FRAD foCXݒ肷
  ƂYȂB̃R}h͐̂ŁAVFXNvgɂ
  Ă̂悢ł傤:

               #!/bin/sh
               # Configure the frad hardware and the DLCI parameters
               /sbin/fradcfg /etc/frad/router.conf || exit 1
               /sbin/dlcicfg file /etc/frad/router.conf
               #
               # Bring up the FRAD device
               ifconfig sdla0 up
               #
               # Configure the DLCI encapsulation interfaces and routing
               ifconfig dlci00 192.168.10.1 pointopoint 192.168.10.2 up
               route add -net 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dlci00
               #
               ifconfig dlci01 192.168.11.1 pointopoint 192.168.11.2 up
               route add -net 192.168.11.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dlci00
               #
               route add default dev dlci00
               #

  8.8.  IPX ( AF_IPX )

  IPX vgR Novell  NetWare(tm) LAN ōLgĂv
  gRłBLinux ͂̃vgRT|[gĂAlbg[N̒[
  ƂĂAIPX ̃[^ƂĂ@\܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] The IPX protocol
                   [ ] Full internal IPX network

  IPX vgR NCPFS ɂĂ IPX-HOWTO <IPX-HOWTO.html> ŏڂ
  Ă܂B

  8.9.  NetRom ( AF_NETROM )

  NetRom ̃foCX `nr0', `nr1' ɂȂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] Amateur Radio AX.25 Level 2
                   [*] Amateur Radio NET/ROM

  AX25  Netrom, Rose vgRɂĂ AX25-HOWTO <AX25-HOWTO.html>
  ɏڂĂ܂B̃vgR̓pPbgʐM̎ŐE
  ̃A}`ÃIy[^ɎgĂ܂B

  ̃vgR̂قƂǂ Jonathon Naylor jsn@cs.not.ac.uk 
  ܂B

  8.10.  Rose vgR (AF_ROSE)

  2.1.* J[lł́ARose foCX̖O `rs0', rs1' Ȃǂ̂悤ɂȂ
  ܂BRose foCX 2.1.* J[lłȂƎg܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Networking options  --->
                   [*] Amateur Radio AX.25 Level 2
                   <*> Amateur Radio X.25 PLP (Rose)

  AX25, Netrom, Rose ̊evgRɂĂ AX25-HOWTO
  <AX25-HOWTO.html> ɏڂĂ܂B̃vgR̓pPb
  gʐM̎ŐẼA}`ÃIy[^ɎgĂ܂B

  ̃vgR̂قƂǂ Jonathon Naylor jsn@cs.not.ac.uk 
  ܂B

  8.11.  SAMBA - `NetBEUI', `NetBios',  `CIFS' ̃T|[g

  SAMBA  Session Menagement Block vgR̂łBSamba
  g΁AMicrosoft ₻̑̃VXe Linux ̃fBXN}Eg
  Av^gƂ\ɂȂ܂B

  SAMBA Ƃ̐ݒ@ SMB-HOWTO <SMB-HOWTO.html> ŏڂĂ
  ܂B

  8.12.  STRIP (Starmode Radio IP) @\

  STRIP ̃foCX `st0', `st1' ɂȂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                       [*] Network device support
                       ....
                       [*] Radio network interfaces
                       < > STRIP (Metricom starmode radio IP)

  STRIP vgR̓X^tH[hw MosquitoNet Project
  <http://mosquitonet.Stanford.EDU/mosquitonet.html> ƌĂ΂錤v
  WFNgJA Metricom Ђ̖fp̃vgRłB

  Metricom Ђ̖úAVA|[gɐڑAXyNggU@
  g 100Kbps ł̒ʐM\ɂĂ܂BMetricom ̖uɂ
  ̏ɂĂ Metricom Web Server <http://www.metricom.com/> 
  B

  ݂̂ƂAW̃lbg[Nc[⃆[eBeB STRIP hC
  oT|[gĂȂ̂ŁAMosquitoNet  WWW T[oKvȉ
  ̃c[_E[hKv܂Bǂ̃\tgEFAKvɂ
  Ă MosquitoNet STRIP Page
  <http://mosquitonet.Stanford.EDU/strip.html> ĂB

  ݒ@ȒPɏqׂƁAꂽ slattach vOgăVA
   tty foCX STRIP pɐݒ肵āA`st[0-9]' foCXC[Tlb
  ĝ悤ɐݒ肵܂BdvȈႢ܂B STRIP 
   ARP vgRZpIȗR T|[gĂȂƂŁATulb
  g̃zXgƂ ARP Gg蓮Őݒ肵ĂKv܂Bł
  ͂قǑςȎdłȂƂł傤B

  8.13.  g[NO

  g[NÕfoCX `tr0'  `tr1' ̂悤ɂȂ܂Bg[N
  O IBM ̒Ă LAN vgRŁA 1 LAN ̃m[h
  f[^̓]Ȃ悤ɂāAʐM̃RW (Փ)h悤
  ɂȂĂ܂B̂߂Ɏĝug[NvŁÁug[Nv
  ꂼ̃m[hɉAug[Nvm[ĥ݂f[^
  邱Ƃł܂Bf[^𑗂I΃g[Ñm[hɑ܂B
  ̂悤ɁAg[NSẴm[hɏ̂Ług[NOvƂ
  OɂȂĂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

               Network device support  --->
                       [*] Network device support
                       ....
                       [*] Token Ring driver support
                       < > IBM Tropic chipset based adaptor support

  g[NO̐ݒ̓lbg[NfoCX̖̂قȂ邾ŃC[T
  lbg̏ꍇƓłB

  8.14.  X.25

  X.25 ͉Hx[X̃pPbgXCb`OvgRŁAC.C.I.T.T. (E
  ̂قƂǂ̒ñeR~jP[VЂ̕WKic)
  `Ă܂BX.25  LAPB vgR̎͌ݐisŁAŐV
  2.1.* J[lɐis̍Ƃgݍ܂Ă܂B

  Linux ɂ X.25 ̎ɂĂ Jonathon Naylor jsn@cs.nott.ac.uk
  J̃[_[ɂȂĂAp̃[OXg܂B[
  OXgɎQɂ́A{ "subscribe linux-x25" Ƃ
  [ majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu ɑĂB

  ݒpc[o[W Jonathon  ftp TCg
  ftp.cs.nott.ac.uk <ftp://ftp.cs.nott.ac.uk/jsn/> ł܂B

  8.15.  WaveLan J[h

  Wavelan ̃foCX `eth0', `eth1' ̂悤ɂȂ܂B

  J[l̃RpCIvV:

       Network device support  --->
               [*] Network device support
               ....
               [*] Radio network interfaces
               ....
               <*> WaveLAN support

  WaveLAN J[h̓XyNggU@(spread spectrum)g LAN J
  [hŁAJ[ĥ̂̓C[TlbgƓ悤ɈAC[TlbgJ[
  hƓ@Őݒł܂B

  WaveLAN J[hɂĂ̏ Wavelan.com <http://www.wavelan.com/>
  ł܂B

  9.  P[uƐڑ@

  n_ĂƂlȂ΁A2  Linux }Vڑ邽
  ߂̃P[uȒPɎł܂BȉɎ}QlɂȂł
  B

  9.1.  VApNXP[u

  SẴNXP[u킯ł͂܂B̃NXP[úA
  K؂ȐMĂƃRs[^Ɏv킹āAMƎM̃f[^
  ւ悤ȍ׍HĂ܂B̎̃P[uł삵܂Ȁ
  ̓n[hEFAt[(XON/XOFF g) \tg
  EFAt[gȂ΂܂BȉɎzȂ 2 ̃}
  V̊ԂōœKȐM̂Ƃ肪łAn[hEFA(RTS/CTS g)t
  [\łB

  s  s                              s
  Tx Data    2  -----------------------------  3
  Rx Data    3  -----------------------------  2
  RTS        4  -----------------------------  5
  CTS        5  -----------------------------  4
  Ground     7  -----------------------------  7
  DTR        20 -\---------------------------  8
  DSR        6  -/
  RLSD/DCD   8  ---------------------------/-  20
                                           \-  6

  9.2.  p|[gpP[u(PLIP P[u)

  PLIP vgRg 2 ̃}VڑꍇAȉɎP[u
  g΁AǂȎނ̃p|[głڑł܂B

       s   s           s
       STROBE      1*
       D0->ERROR   2  ----------- 15
       D1->SLCT    3  ----------- 13
       D2->PAPOUT  4  ----------- 12
       D3->ACK     5  ----------- 10
       D4->BUSY    6  ----------- 11
       D5          7*
       D6          8*
       D7          9*
       ACK->D3     10 ----------- 5
       BUSY->D4    11 ----------- 6
       PAPOUT->D2  12 ----------- 4
       SLCT->D1    13 ----------- 3
       FEED        14*
       ERROR->D0   15 ----------- 2
       INIT        16*
       SLCTIN      17*
       GROUND      25 ----------- 25

  :

  o  AX^XN(*)LĂs͐ڑȂƁB

  o  18,19,20,21,22,23,24 ̓A[XłB

  o  g̃P[uV[hĂꍇAV[h DB-25 Rl
     N^ƈ[ł̂ݐڑĂB

     x: zԈႦ PLIP P[ugƃRg[J[hj
     邩܂B SĂ̔z_u`FbNāA̕sv
     Ԃ⓪ɂ̃^lȂ悤ɁA\ӂĔzĂB

   PLIP P[ułg邩܂񂪁A͂ł邾
  łBdlŋĂP[u̒ 1 [gxłB
  PLIP P[ugɂ͓ɒӂĂBƂ̂AdA
  ̔M̂悤ȋ͂ȓdg̔Rg[ƊA
  󂵂Ă܂Ƃ邩łBꂽ 2 ̃Rs[^ڑ
  Kv{ɂꍇ́A10base2 p̃C[TlbgJ[hgA
  P[uŐڑׂł傤B

  9.3.  10base2 (ׂ)C[TlbgP[u

  10base2 ͒a 5 mm  52̓P[ugC[TlbgP[u
  ̋KiłB10base2 Ń}VڑꍇAoĂȂ
  ȂȂdvȌ܂肪܂B܂ɁAP[u [Ƀ^[~l
  [^t邱ƁB52̒Rl^[~l[^t΁AP[u
  [ɒBM͔˂ꂸɋz܂B^[~l[^tȂƃC[
  Tlbg͕sɂȂASgȂȂ邱Ƃ܂BʏARs
  [^ڑ镔ɂ́uT ^ṽRlN^ĝŁAz͈ȉ̂悤
  `ɂȂ܂:

        |==========T=============T=============T==========T==========|
                   |             |             |          |
                   |             |             |          |
                 -----         -----         -----      -----
                 |   |         |   |         |   |      |   |
                 -----         -----         -----      -----

  ̐}̂A[ɂ `|' ̓^[~l[^ŁA `======'͗[ BNC
  vOtP[uA`T' ́uT ^RlN^v\܂BuT ^R
  lN^vԂ̓P[u PC ̃C[TlbgJ[hƂ̐ڑ͉̒\
  ȌZ܂悤BzIɂ́uT ^RlN^v璼ڃC[Tlbg
  ڑ`őPłB

  9.4.  cCXgyA(Twisted Pair)C[TlbgP[u

  2 ̃cCXgyA^CṽC[TlbgJ[hڑȂAnu
  ɒĂ\܂B̂߂̃P[u̔z Ethernet-HOWTO
  <Ethernet-HOWTO.html> ɏĂ܂B

  10.  ̕ŎgĂp̉

  ȉɁA̕ɌdvȗpɂĊȒPɐ܂B

     ARP
        Address Resolution Protocol ̓ŁAlbg[N
        ̃}V IP AhXn[hEFAAhX(MAC AhX)ƑΉ
        t邽߂ɎgvgRłB

     ATM
        Asynchronous Transfer Mode ̓łB ATM lbg
        [Nł́Af[^TCỸpPbgɂ܂Ƃ߂ 2 _ԂŌI
        ɓ]ł悤ɂȂĂ܂BATM ͉Hؑւ^̃pPbglb
        g[NZpłB

     NCAg(client)
        [U鑤̃VXeŎg\tgEFAw܂Bɂ͗
        OAX11 EBhEVXeł̓[UɃT[oAN
        CAg[gœ܂BNCAgƂ́AT[o񋟂
        T[rX󂯂vOVXełBslip  ppp Ƃ
        Έڑ̏ꍇAdbȂǐڑJn鑤NCAg
        ĂсAĂяo鑤T[oƌĂт܂B

     f[^O(datagram)
        f[^OƂ́Af[^̂܂ɁA/茳AhX
        ǂ܂܂ꂽwb_̕t̂ŁA IP lbg[Nœ]f
        [^̊{PʂłBupPbgvƌĂ΂邱Ƃ܂B

     DLCI
        DLCI Ƃ̓f[^ڑʎq (Data Link Connection Identifier)̂
        ƂŁAt[[lbg[NoRz 2 _Ԑڑ
        邽߂Ɏg܂BDLCI ͒ʏt[[lbg[Ñv
        oC_蓖Ă܂B

     t[[(Frame Relay)
        t[[Ƃ́AUIɑʂ̃f[^Ƃ肷Kv̂
        lbg[NɓKZpłB̃t[[̃[U[
        lbg[NeʂL̂Ńt[[̃RXg͈č
        ݁Ae[U͏قȂ^C~OŃf[^Ƃ肵܂B

     n[hEFAAhX(hardware address)
        n[hEFAAhXƂ̓lbg[N MAC w(Media ACcess
        layer)ŃzXgʂ邽߂̃AhXłB̗ɂ̓C[Tlb
        gAhX AX.25 AhX܂B

     ISDN
        ISDN  Integrated Services Dedicated Network ̓łB
        ISDN ͒ʐMЂf[^eƒɉ^Ԃ߂̕WKiłB
        ZpIɂ́AISDN ͉Hؑւ^̃f[^lbg[NłB

     ISP
        Internet Service Provider ̓łBISP Ƃ̓C^[lbg
        ̐ڑ񋟂ЂgDłB

     IP AhX(IP address)
        IP AhXƂ̓lbg[N TCP/IP zXgʂ邽߂̔
        łB IP AhX 4 oCgŁAʏuhbg؂ 10 i
        \LvAȂ킿eoCg 10 iŕ\LAoCgԂ `.' ŋ
        ؂ŋLq܂B

     őZOgTCY(MSS)
        őZOgTCY(MSS, Maximum Segment Size)Ƃ́AꎞɑM
        łf[^̍őʂłBf[^וȂ߂ɂ MSS 
        (MTU - IP wb_) oCgȏオKvłB

     ő]P(MTU)
        ő]P(MTU, Maximum Transmission Unit)Ƃ́A菬Ȓf
        ɕ IP C^[tFCX瑗Młő̃f[^O
        ̑傫p[^łBMTU ́AꂽȂf[^O
        ̑傫傫Ȃ΂܂BA̐ݒ̓
        [JȒfЉ邽߂̂̂ŁAoĤǂł菬
        MTU ݒ肳Ă΁Aŕ邩܂B悭g
        lƂẮAC[TlbgC^[tFCXł 1500 oC
        gASLIP C^[tFCXł 576 oCgłB
     oH(route)
        oHƂ́AړInɒB܂łɃf[^Oʉ߂Ăʂ蓹
        B

     T[o(server)
        ʏA[U牓ɂ\tgEFAVXew܂BT
        [o͂Ȃ炩̃T[rXNCAgɒ񋟂܂BT[o̗
        ẮA ftp  NFS(Networked File System), DNS(Domain Name
        Server) ܂Bslip  ppp ƂΈ(peer to peer)V
        XȅꍇAT[o͓dbŌĂяo鑤wANCAg
        Ăяow܂B

     EBhE(window)
        EBhE(window)Ƃ́AM[xɎ󂯂Ƃf[^ʂ̍ől
        łB

  11.  ISP p Linux?

  Linux  ISP Ɏĝł΁A Linux ISP homepage
  <http://www.anime.net/linuxisp/> 邱Ƃ߂܂B̃y[W
  ɂ͕Kvȏւ̃|C^Lxɓo^Ă܂B

  12.  ӎ

  {ɍvĂȉ̕XɊӂ܂(sł): Terry
  Dawson, Axel Boldt, Arnt Gulbrandsen, Gary Allpike, Cees de Groot,
  Alan Cox, Jonathon Naylor, Claes Ensson, Ron Nessim, John Minack,
  Jean-Pierre Cocatrix, Erez Strauss

  13.  쌠

  쌠Ɋւ

  The NET-3-HOWTO, information on how to install and configure
  networking support for Linux. Copyright (c) 1997 Terry Dawson, 1998
  Alessandro Rubini, 1999 {POET} - LinuxPorts

  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
  your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the
  hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
  the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You
  should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  with this program; if not, write to the: Free Software Foundation,
  Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

  14.  {łɂ

  { Linux Japanese FAQ Project s܂B|Ɋւ邲ӌ
   JF vWFNg <JF@linux.or.jp> ɘAĂB

  ȉɎ܂B

     v1.5j, 1 Jan 2000
        |:  P <fujiwara@linux.or.jp>

        ꓝEZ:

        o    <rsato@ipf.de>

        o   r <xlj06203@nifty.ne.jp>

        o   L <takei@cc.kochi-u.ac.jp>

        o   Y <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>

        v.1.5j ̖|ɂẮA܂݂Ђ낳ɂ Linux
        NET-3-HOWTO ̖|(1997/07/07 )瑽̕𗬗pĂ
        ܂B[ӂ܂B

